Abstract. Advisability of using risks as indicators for estimating radiation impacts on environmental objects and humans has been justified. Results are presented from identification of dose burdens distribution to various cohorts of the population living within the Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS) and consuming contaminated farm products. Parameters of dose burden distributions are estimated for areas of livestock grazing and the most contaminated sectors within these areas. Dose distributions to meadow plants for the above areas have been found. Regulatory radiation risks for the STS population and meadow ecosystem components have been calculated. Based on the parameters estimated, levels of radiation exposure of the population and herbaceous plants have been compared.

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Abstract. An algorithm and formulas to estimate non-regulatory stochastic risks (for biota and humans) have been derived. These were used to assess radiation risks for meadow plants within the Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS). It has been shown that on small plots with relatively high radiation levels (∼ 0.25 mGy/h) the radiation risks of death of radiosensitive plants (leguminous and coniferous shrubs) have a noticeable value (>2%). In the other STS area, radiation is not a danger to the vegetation.