The use of intragastric balloons in patients with morbid obesity (BMI>40) and superobesity (BMI>50) as the only method of treatment did not prove its effectiveness because of high rates of disease relapses. The article presents data showing that the fist line body mass lowering therapy with intragastric balloon before proceeding to bariatric sugery is effective in 78% patients with superobesity in aspects of lowering surgical and anesthesiological risks. Stopping treatment at the point of removal of intragastric balloon is associated with high risk of recurrence of obesity and its comorbid conditions. The use of intragastric balloons in group of high risk patients optimizes the process of selection of candidates for surgical treatment among patients with superobesity