An overview of recently published data on fungal communities based on the environmental DNA technology is provided. In most cases, these scarce data result from the wide range biodiversity studies of eukaryotes while detecting species richness of fungi from eDNA is still poorly studied. However, recent eDNA analyses have already revealed numerous undescribed taxa of fungi in various ecosystems. They also demonstrated that eDNA technology may considerably increase the total number of fungal species comparatively with those described so far using traditional methods. Environmental DNA barcoding as an efficient technique for detecting fungal diversity in various ecosystems provides new insights into the evolution of fungi.