Ensuring comfortable and safe conditions for visitors to large-scale events of various kinds is one of the priority areas for the organizers. There are many examples when insufficient attention was paid to security issues, which led to sad consequences for the audience. Mistakes in planning evacuation routes in emergency situations are the main cause of panic for a crowd of people. Victims of the evacuation can be avoided with a well-organized system of informing the audience and a pre-planned visual orientation with signs and arrows, as well as sound. Visitors should be instructed and aware of the routes and exits that should be used in case of emergency evacuation. This article discusses the possibility of creating the necessary prerequisites for improving the safety of pedestrians participating in mass events. The presented study is aimed at forming the necessary foundations for developing recommendations to improve the safety of events with a large number of participants.

When reforestation is cut down for various needs of our country coniferous forests significantly reduced their quality, mainly due to the fact that they are poorly renewed. One of the reasons for this is the low quality of seed material, harvested usually not from the testes and plus trees, but from trees with low genetic characteristics of trees. In the resulting seed mix to contain different fractions of seeds differing in seed quality. When sowing such heterogeneous seeds in a forest nursery at the end of the growing season, a significant part of the grown seedlings (up to 30 %) goes to marriage, because they do not meet the requirements of the standard. This is because, contained in the total mass of small seeds do not have the growth potential that large, and when they grow together, seedlings grown from small seeds do not meet the requirements of the standard, because in the process of growth and development are oppressed by larger seedlings. The new technology for sizing pine seeds allows you to completely separate the fractions of small seeds. Sowing small seeds separately from large ones at the optimal depth of planting, you can create conditions for their effective growth and development, as well as provide additional planting material that meets the requirements of the standard.

The paper presents the results of studies on the effect of calibrating Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seeds on the morpho-biological characteristics of seedlings. The studies were carried out in 2017-2019. Scots pine seeds were used as the object of research. In the course of the research, laboratory and field methods were used. The seeds were calibrated using a sieveless separator, which makes it possible to obtain several tens of seed fractions with a size gap of 0.02 mm. It was found that plants of large seeds were characterized by a higher starting growth. Throughout the growing season, the advantage of these fractions persisted. Due to the higher growth rate of small fraction plants, the difference between plants decreased by the end of the growing season. By the end of the first year of vegetation, there was some advantage of large seedlings, the height of which varied from 6.95 cm (second fraction) to 7.18 cm (fourth fraction). The seedlings of these fractions were characterized by the highest uniformity (17.0%). At the end of the second growing season, the most intensive growth was noted in seedlings of large seeds, due to which a large planting material is formed, characterized by high uniformity.

The article deals with the formation and optimization of the technological transport system of a timber enterprise. Problems were identified in the formation of cargo flows of forest material. These include poor development of methods for designing transport systems in the timber industry and disunited transport links in the operation of the enterprise. Computer simulation allows the operator to change the parameters of the designed system to optimize it. A multi-level algorithm for designing the transport system of the LPC is also proposed, including: determining the initial parameters for the design; calculating the number of vehicles; developing a simulation model of the production process in the LPC; calculating the technical characteristics of the transport system; developing an algorithm for managing the transport system; selection of the transport system option. An analytical calculation of the use of different quantities of trucks when loading vehicles is made in order to find an economically profitable number of them. As a result, calculations were made to compare the performance of the transport system with different quantities of loading equipment. When we received them, we saw that changing the number of loaders affects the capacity of the entire transport system.

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