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The article presents the material relating to the current state and prospects of development of rural areas in the Far Eastern Federal district of Russia. It is shown which factors are restraining and which factors are stimulating, as well as the degree of influence of each group on the development of rural areas of the Far East of Russia. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results of the study can be useful in the development and justification of rural development programs and regional agricultural policy.

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This paper presents studies on the state of agricultural land in the first agro-climatic Stavropol territory, and on the basis of this forest reclamation measures for effective and rational use have been developed. The specialization of agriculture is sheep breeding and cultivation of winter wheat and winter and spring barley. For this agro-climatic zone, only one type of crop rotation is suitable – grain-steam. In the structure of acreage, pure steam reaches 40%, which has a very negative impact on the quality of arable land. Protective forest stands play an important role in protecting agricultural land from the negative effects of water and wind erosion. At present, the total area of protective plantations on the lands of the I agro-climatic zone is 22730 hectares or 1.81% of the area of agricultural land, at least 2.5% is necessary.

This article analyzes the results and consequences of land and agrarian reforms in Russia and investigates the main directions of land policy improvement. The dynamics of the ownership structure, as well as the forms and types of land use in agricultural organizations, indicate the incompleteness of land transformations and misunderstanding of the direction of subsequent development. An assessment of the state land policy indicates its uncertainty in a number of critical positions and the inadequate response of the land administration system to the modern requirements of socioeconomic development. Its inefficiency gave rise to the lack of information on the composition and quality of land parcels, accelerating degradation of agricultural lands, criminalization of land relations, insecurity of small agribusinesses, and unprecedented growth of latifundia, among other negative trends. Registered agricultural lands constitute a little more than 20%. The boundaries of political units are not established, which leads to land disputes and insecurity of agricultural producers’ rights. The destruction of institutions for planning and forecasting; the use and protection of lands; and land management, monitoring, re-cultivation, and anti-erosion measures all led to the desertification of large areas, progress of water and wind erosion, soil salinization, and other degradation processes. To improve the current situation, we propose that a system of urgent measures be implemented.