Polymorphism of microsatellite loci of Ukrainian red clover cultivars has been studied. 87 microsatellite alleles, which occurred in different combinations, were identified. The number of alleles ranged from 7 to 10. Microsatellite allele distribution showed that 15 alleles were common for all the red clover cultivars (17.2%). The red clover cultivars were represented by homozygous and heterozygous genotypes. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.067 to 0.269 and from 0.225 to 0.807, respectively. An analysis of molecular variance revealed that the largest proportion of variation (68.5%) resided at the intrapopulation level. Differentiation of the Ukrainian cultivars was moderately expressed (F ST = 0.07).

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Cytogenetic peculiarities during the passing of meiosis were studied in anthers of 7 interspecific F 1 hybrids obtained by crossing annual wild species (Helianthus annuus, H. praecox, H. argophyllus) with the cultivated sunflower. The hybrids derived from H. annuus and H. argophyllus were characterized by a low frequency of aberrations (6.5-8.6%), which gives evidence of a good balance of the chromosome complex of these hybrids. The hybrids derived from the crosses between H. praecox and the cultivated sunflower were considerably less stable because of a high frequency of aberrations in meiosis (29.6-50.0%).

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