According to the available literature sources, the prevalence of diabetes in Ukraine is increasing every year which is related to the peculiarities of the age structure of the population, urbanization, dietary changes and sedentary lifestyle. More than 90% of the incidence is type 2 diabetes. Metformin is the most common oral antihyperglycemic drug in Ukraine. Among the most significant side effects of long-term metformin administration is the development of B12-deficiency anemia, which can lead to neuropathy, which is sometimes misdiagnosed as diabetic neuropathy and, accordingly, is improperly treated. This leads to the progression of irreversible changes in nerve fibers. At the same time, existing violations could be easily corrected in the early stages. [1] Aim. To investigate homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels in patients that receive metformin as monotherapy for a long time. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of case histories of 40 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 45-60 years with a history of diabetes of at least 5 years was carried out. Group 1 included 25 patients who received regular metformin as monotherapy at a dose of 2 g per day for 5 years, group 2 included 15 patients who received drugs from the incretin group during the same period of time. Results. The analysis showed that the use of metformin in patients with diabetes was associated with decreased serum B12 concentrations compared to the group of type 2 diabetes patients who did not take metformin (lower than 150

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The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the pharmacotherapy regimens of the decompensated form of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and to evaluate its effectiveness, its compliance with clinical recommendations.Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 54 medical cards of patients with decompensated DM2 was conducted. The 1st group (n=24; 44%) included the patients who had a decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 50% or more in 3 months after hypoglycemic therapy; and the 2nd group (n=30; 56%) – the patients whose HbA1c level decreased by less than 50%.Results. A HbA1c level was 10.4% in the 1st group and 13.2% in the 2nd group (р<0.001). However, the target levels of venous blood plasma glucose and HbA1c were not achieved in any of the patient groups. The total number of the drugs prescribed to the patients ranged from 4 (in 25% (n=6) and 10% (n=3) cases in the 1st and the 2nd groups, respectively) to 8 (in 12.5% (n=3) and 20% (n=6) cases in the 1st and the 2nd, groups, respectively). However, in a number of cases some violations of clinical recommendations were recorded: the prescription to the obese patients of insulin drugs, the administration of sulfonylureas derivatives to patients with a history of cardiovascular diseases of the atherosclerotic origin, but modern hypoglycemic drugs with proven benefits in reducing cardiovascular risks were rarely prescribed.Conclusion. The tactics of pharmacotherapy in the patients with a decompensated form of DM2 does not fully comply with the approved clinical guidelines, which requires the effectiveness of treatment optimization of this medically and socially significant pathology.