The purpose of the work: to analyse clinical cases and the results of treatment of patients with diverticulosis of the large intestine in order to prevent complications. Materials and methods. The results of diagnosis and treatment of 75 patients with diverticulosis of the large intestine for the years 2016-2022, who were in the Clinical highly specialised surgical center with minimally invasive technologies in the Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after M. I. Pyrogov of the Vinnytsia Regional Council. Research results and their discussion. We analysed the results of diagnosis and treatment of 75 patients with diverticulosis of the large intestine for the years 2016-2022, who were in the Clinical highly specialised surgical center with minimally invasive technologies in the Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after M. I. Pyrogov of the Vinnytsia Regional Council. Colon diverticular disease was clinically and instrumentally confirmed and the following forms of the disease were established: diverticular bleeding - in 46 (61.33%), intestinal perforation with the development of diffuse fecal peritonitis - in 2 (2.66%), diverticulitis - in 12 (16%), asymptomatic diverticulosis - in 2 patients (2.66%), and in 13 patients there was a combination: diverticulitis and paracolic abscess - in 8 (10.66%), diverticulitis and limited purulent peritonitis - in 2 (6.66 %), diverticulitis and intestinal obstruction - in 3 (4%). There were 36 (48%) male patients, 39 (52%) female patients. The age of the patients ranged from 40 to 90 years. The average age was 65±2 years.

Мета роботи: оцінка перших результатів лапароскопічної екстраперитонеальної залобкової простатектомії у хворих на добро­якісну гіперплазію простати. Матеріали і методи. Виконано 30 лапароскопічних екстраперитонеальних залобкових простатектомій у хворих на доброякісну гіперплазію простати. Показаннями до операції у хворих були: повторна гостра затримка сечі (7 хворих, які надійшли із уретральним катетером); виражена симптоматика IPSS (Міжнародний опитувальник симптомів при захворюваннях простати) за відсутності ефекту від консервативної терапії (20 хворих); повторна гематурія 3 хворих. Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Представлені ранні (стаціонарні) та віддалені (після виписування із стаціонару) результати лапароскопічної екстраперитонеальної залобкової (транскапсулярної) простатектомії у 30 хворих на доброякісну гіперплазію простати. Середній вік хворих склав (68,1±2,5) року, середній індекс маси тіла – (29,6±1,5), середній об’єм простати – (109,5±15,3) мл. Середній час виконання операції становив (122,4±12,8) хв, середня інтраопераційна крововтрата – (106,9±32,8) мл. Інтраопераційних та післяопераційних кровотеч не спостерігали, не було проведено жодної гемотрансфузії. Уретральний катетер видаляли на 4–5 добу після операції, середній післяопераційний ліжко-день склав (6,3±1,0) дня. Перші результати лапароскопічної екстраперитонеальної залобкової простатектомії показали її надійний інтра- та післяопераційний гемостаз, короткий післяопераційний ліжко-день, задовільне відновлення акту сечовипускання за відсутністю ранніх та віддалених ускладнень.

Annotation. The article presents a review of the literature on the evolution of hemostasis methods during open transbladder prostatectomy in patients with benign hyperplasia. The improvement of methods of hemostasis during transbladder prostatectomy has gone from suturing the prostate lodge, suturing the bladder neck and prostate capsule to partial suturing of the prostate lodge with the installation of a Foley catheter for the purpose of mechanical compression of the bladder neck and prostate lodge. The methods of hemostasis of Ukrainian urologists, including those of Vinnytsia, are highlighted. Unfortunately, none of the methods guaranteed 100% hemostasis of the prostate lodge after prostatectomy. Therefore, the search for new and improvement of known methods of hemostasis of the prostate lodge is an urgent issue in urology.

Summary. The purpose of the work. The investigation of the pathomorphological changes of the large intestine in diverticular disease and their causes. Materials and methods. In accordance with the task, we investigated the pathomorphological changes of the colon in diverticular disease and the causes of their occurrence, using pathohistological preparations of 17 patients who were treated at the Clinical Highly Specialized Surgical Center with Minimally Invasive Technologies at the Municipal Non-Conmercial Enterprise «Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after M. I. Pyrogova» of the Vinnytsia Regional Council. Research results and their discussion. We examined the pathohistological preparations of 17 patients operated for diverticular disease of the colon at the Clinical Highly Specialised Surgical Center with Minimally Invasive Technologies at the Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after M. I. Pirogov of the Vinnytsia Regional Council. Studies have shown that one of the morphological criteria for the development of a diverticulum was a change in the muscular elements of the mucous and muscular membranes. Electron microscopy results confirmed that the wall of the colon in diverticulosis contains structurally normal muscle cells, but contains twice as much elastin, located between the muscle cells in the tenia, which is in a shortened form and probably causes the shortening of the tenia and, as a result, the convergence of the circular muscles. This leads to an increase in haustration, an increase in the spastic readiness of the intestine, which causes the mucous and submucosal membranes to loosen in weak areas.