positive linear relationship between adherence and cessation rates however, adherence to NRT among unmotivated smokers is uncertain. Methods Chinese smokers who aged $18, had no intention to quit within 4-week and had no contraindication to NRT were recruited and randomly allocated to Group A1, A2 and B in a RCT. Only Group A1 and A2 were provided 8-week free NRT. We reported 8-week adherence rate to NRT at 3-month and reasons for noncompliance among subjects in Group A1 and A2.Results From October 2004 to April 2007, 1154 smokers were recruited (Group A1¼479; A2¼449; B¼226). Subjects in Group A1 and A2 (n¼928) were 42.0610.3 year-old and smoked 19.669.4 cigarettes daily on average. We contacted 797 subjects (85.9%) for 3-month follow-up, but those who did not receive 8-week free NRT (n¼115; 14.4%) were removed from the analysis. 55.4% (378/682) used NRT as the recommended regime, 41.6% (284/682) did not fully comply with the prescription and 3.0% (20/682) even did not use it. Among 304 (n¼284+20) who did not comply, "Forget to use" (24.0%) and "Side effects" (14.5%) are the two most cited reasons for non-compliance. Conclusion The adherence rate in this study is more encouraging compared to a local study (20%) which only provided 1-week free NRT. Thus, providing the entire course of free NRT seems to yield an improved NRT adherence among unmotivated Chinese smokers. Introduction The relationship between dementia and socioeconomic deprivation is unclear. This study examined the association between social position and dementia, and determined the prevalence of dementia diagnosed using the 10/66 algorithms in people with high levels of absolute poverty but low levels of cardiovascular risk factors and depression. Methods Prospective cohort study of 1766 elders in rural and urban community-dwellings in Anhui, China. Standardised mental status measures were administered and socioeconomic and risk factors were characterised at baseline. At 6.2-year follow-up, dementia cases were identified using the 10/66 algorithms, causes of death and reports by psychiatrists. Results The world age-standardised prevalence of dementia diagnosed by the 10/66 algorithms was 5.41% (95% CI (4.26% to 6.55%)); in men 4.38% (2.88% to 5.89%) and in women 6.44% (4.76% to 8.13%). The risk of dementia significantly and independently increased with age, lower educational level, uncontrolled hypertension, not watching television, feeling lonely and hearing problems. Compared to those that achieved an educational level of $ secondary school and middle income participants, those with lower educational attainment and in the lowest or highest income groups had a higher risk of dementia; multiple adjusted OR (AOR) were 2.99 (1.24 to 7.23) and 3.30 (1.09 to 9.97) respectively. Business/non-labouring participants with educational levels of # primary school had the highest risk of dementia (AOR 3.80 (1.43 to 10.1)) compared to other combinations of occupational class and educational level. Conclusions Increasing income and minimising the gap in income b...

Background:The term "Biobank" has been used in different ways but one way is to define it as "an organized collection of human biological material and associated information stored for one or more research purposes". By definition, "Biobank" is a long-term storage and conservation facility for biological specimens, to support future scientific investigation. The aim of this study is to assess the awareness and perception of Biobanks, their existence, aims and objectives and the ethical concerns related to them, among the clinicians pertaining to both medical and dental specialties.Methods: A questionnaire comprising of 31 questions of which few are purely awareness and rest are perception based is framed. The questions which were framed for the questionnaire, have few of them given direct responses as YES, NO, DON'T KNOW and the remaining of them have been graded into LIKERT'S SCALE, ranging from 1 to 5. Statistical analysis: After obtaining the response, the answers were plotted in MS-Excel sheet and analysed statistically for the Percentages, Frequencies, Chi-square and degree of Association (p>0.05= No Association) between the two fraternities responses by using SPSS 22.0 version software. The p value was set at 0.05Result: There was found a level of association between both the groups for certain sensitive questions relating to privacy of information and ownership claims. Conclusion:It can be concluded that the willingness to participate in sample donation, motivation for sample donation are in agreement with each other, which is worth being further investigated.