Background: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 are gelatinases involved in many physiological and pathological processes including inflammation and angiogenesis, which make up the basis for tissue remodeling and repair. Prolonged inflammation and delay in healing of traumatic wounds result in postoperative cicatricial deformities. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity monitoring might be a biomarker for healing of traumatic ocular adnexal wounds. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess MMP-2 and -9 levels in tissues in traumatic ocular adnexal wounds at various times after trauma. Material and Methods: We examined 60 patients presenting with traumatic ocular adnexal wounds one hour to three months after trauma. Tissue biopsy was obtained during surgical debridement of wounds and frozen. The main study group included samples of traumatized ocular adnexal tissue, and the control group, samples of healthy ocular adnexal tissue obtained during blepharoplasty. The levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). The absorbance of each well was read at a wavelength of 450 nm with a Multiskan FC plate reader, and the mean absorbance was calculated for each reference standard and sample. Samples of patients presenting with traumatic ocular adnexal wounds one hour to three months after trauma were compared with controls with regard to optical density. Results: MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were higher in biopsy samples from traumatic wounds than in control samples. ELISA analysis found that the peak MMP-2 expression was observed at day 3 after trauma, and was 85% above the level in control samples. From day 7 to day 15, this early peak fell to a level close to (15% higher than) that of day 1. From day 15 to day 21, there was a 35 percent increase in MMP-2 expression. MMP-9 expression levels were significantly higher than MMP-2 expression levels. The peak MMP-9 expression was observed at day 4 after trauma, and was 155% above the level in control samples. From day 4 to day 7, MMP-9 expression decreased to a level 85% above the level in control samples. Thereafter, MMP-9 expression increased again to a level 100% above the level in control samples from day 8 to day 15, and gradually decreased from day 15 to day 21. Conclusion: Our study of MMP-2 and -9 levels in tissues in traumatic ocular adnexal wounds at various times after trauma demonstrated that the peak MMP-2 expression was observed at day 3, and the peak MMP-9 expression, at day 4 after trauma. The levels of both enzymes decreased at day 7, and varied thereafter. By day 21, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in samples taken from the wound were as low as the levels in control samples.

The aim is to conduct the culturological analysis of circus industry in modern Ukraine in the context of the state culture policy, define and substantiate the essential contents of the state regulation of circus industry in the context and within its legislative and normative­legal field. The relevance of the main provisions of this study in the formation of the latest scientific discourse in the field of circus art is substantiated. The basic concept of circus industry was updated, which lies in formation of a legislative and regulatory framework for the development of national circus art. The culturological analysis of the circus development program is carried out. It is emphasized that the legislative and regulatory framework of the sphere of culture has universal, on the one hand and on the other hand specific provisions, inherent only in a particular art form. Emphasis is made on the need to introduce a modern, civilized paternalistic state policy for the development of circus art, in particular. It is emphasized that modern civilized paternalism will allow to maintain a stable presence of the national circus product at the national and world market of cultural and artistic services, and through this — to provide the stable development of domestic circus industry. It is updated that thanks to modern paternalism and enhanced budget support for all components of the circus industry, such as: training systems for creative and managerial staff, amateur circus art system, stationary circuses system, will ensure sustainable development of the national circus industry in its entirety. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to carry out a culturological analysis of circus in modern Ukraine in the context of state culture policy, to determine and justify the essence of state regulation of circus, in the context and within its legislative and regulatory framework. As the most scientific ones for the study of circus industry in the context of state culture policy can be considered the following methodological approaches: culturological analysis of the legislative and regulatory field of culture; convergent­divergent approach, which considers the legislative and regulatory framework in a dynamic aspect as an integral system that normalizes the relations between the state and the sphere of culture and creates conditions for the development of arts; the principle of comparative analysis, aimed at identifying specific components and finding universal, peculiar to the entire artistic sphere legislative and regulatory documents. Thus, the scientific novelty of the represented work is that the state culture policy in the field of circus industry is considered as an integral, systemic phenomenon, the basic component of which is the legislative and regulatory field. Conclusions. Since Ukraine’s independence, the state has formed and pursued a culture policy that regulates the relationship between the cultural and artistic spheres and the state. After all, the state provides the development of culture and art, free access to cultural heritage, provides comprehensive artistic and aesthetic education of the population, supports the activities of cultural industries. The basic component of the state culture policy is the legislative and regulatory field. Ukraine has formed a meaningful and extensive legal framework for all types of art that are developing in our country. The legislative base of the culture sphere ensures the sustainable development of culture and art, the formation of an integral system of institutions and institutions that produce cultural and artistic products, train artistic personnel for the field of culture and art. It can be stated that the circus industry in Ukraine, unfortunately, was left out of the attention of culture sphere politicians and statesmen, because currently not developed and adopted the Law of Ukraine “On Circus Industry and Circus Art”, which would ensure further development of circus and circus art. The adoption of this law is timely and extremely relevant in the current socio­cultural realities. Prospects for further research. Cultural theorizing of circus, in particular in the context of state culture policy, creates the preconditions for the emergence of the latest humanities — circology, a science that will carry out an integral analysis of circus. A new scientific discipline — circology, will provide a harmonious combination of theory and practice of circus, both within the national boundaries of scientific discourse and in the field of international scientific theorizing of art in general.

The historical way of the development of banking business and the state of its legislative provision, which had an impact on criminal behavior in this area, has been studied. It has been noticed that the responsible officials of banking institutions, due to their high level of education, skillfully used gaps or contradictions in the legislation for the useful purposes of illegal enrichment. They quickly adapt to amendments in normative and legal regulation and invent new schemes of criminal technology. The key factors in the situation of committing crimes in the presented area are: search for opportunities for criminal enrichment by using existing powers; conspiracy of officials of commercial banks with representatives of supervisory agencies (curators from some units of the National Bank of UKraine) in order to cover up criminal activity; development of a plan of financial fraud with representatives of commercial organizations in order to steal the entrusted funds and their further legalization. Typically, such criminal “associations” try to have long-term relationships under the guise of corrupt relations with supervisors and banking secrecy in order to systematically generate illicit proceeds. In case of the risk of detecting criminal schemes, the banking institution may be brought to bankruptcy, which is used as the method to hide traces of criminal activity. Analysis of the impact of regulatory factor in the context of committing economic crimes in the banking sector is a perspective and relevant area of further research. In this regard, the development of the doctrine of forensic forecasting in conditions of instability of processes in the economy in its individual segments (lending, currency regulation), weak control over the conduct and accounting of banking transactions, etc. is of great importance. Equally important is the development of cooperation between law enforcement agencies involved in the fight against crime in the banking sector, with the units of the National Bank, the State Fiscal Service and financial monitoring; the improvement of the methodology of conducting certain types of examinations, etc. Provisions for such cooperation are enshrined in law and are in force, but some need to be revised in the light of central government reforms.

Identification by fingerprints remains one of the most common ways of proving the involvement of persons in the commission of a criminal offense in law enforcement practice around the world. Over the past hundred years, the methodology of detecting and collecting fingerprints at the scene has evolved from the first attempts to use carbon black and metal powders (at the end of the 19th century) to the use of modern fluorescent powders and molecularly selective chemical compounds. The type of surface and its condition affect the choice of one or another means of finding and developing a papillary pattern. According to empirical data, difficulties arise when working with heterogeneous surfaces, leather products, granular and porous materials. Until recently, the search for prints at the scene has been negated by contamination of surfaces, as well as the presence of moisture or organic liquids. It was practically impossible to develop outdated traces, as well as to determine the approximate time of leaving the trace. The analysis of the latest foreign publications has shown significant achievements that help to effectively solve the above problems, significantly expanding the arsenal of forensic tools and methods of working with traces at the scene. Physical methods of detecting traces have received significant development. Among them, it can be singled out the use of luminescent dactyloscopic powders, which better visualize papillary patterns under UV and IR special lighting. Silicon nanoparticles with the addition of dyes, depending on the color of the surface, have shown a better result compared to the cyanoacrylate method. The scientists have managed to improve the results regarding the detection of outdated traces by combining homogeneous chemical compounds. The main ones among them are ninhydrin, which works well with dirty and wet surfaces, as well as silver nitrate and DFO solution, which reacts with organic secretions of human skin well. A vacuum deposition method (VMD) has proven to be effective, making visible prints on the surfaces of four-year-old organic plastic. The direction of immunological research of the sebaceous trace of a finger for taking samples for a DNA profile remains relevant. The presented review of foreign and domestic experience has indicated the continuation of active searches for improving methods and means of working with traces.

The article states that nowadays situations in Ukraine shows that the theory of military activity of law enforcement forces needs a new development in the terms of settlement of armed confrontation in separate areas of Donetsk and Luhansk areas. Therefore, the issues of regulatory and legal support of law enforcement agencies in responding to crisis situations come to the fore. The analysis of normative legal acts shows that legal norms are not formulated clearly enough and ambiguously interpreted by law enforcement agencies. Therefore, it is necessary to refine the legislative mechanism for preventing and responding to crisis situations that threaten the national security of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to comprehensively reveal the essence and features of the legal regulations of combat operations of the security and defense sector of Ukraine in crisis situations and to develop specific practical recommendations, scientifically sound proposals for improving State governance in this field. In order to research the best practices of Ukraine on the functioning of Public mechanisms of response of the security and defense sector of Ukraine to crisis situations during the Anti-Terrorist Operation and the Joint Forces Operation in some districts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, an expert survey of anti-terrorist security experts was conducted. The results of the survey provided an opportunity to identify the main problematic issues in the functioning of the anti-terrorist security system and provide appropriate development proposals. The State authorities today need to focus on improving the organization of management, establishing interagency cooperation between government agencies, increasing the level of pre-training of personnel, a clear definition of tasks for law enforcement units during special operations. Areas of further research will be aimed at developing State mechanisms of responding by the components of the security and defense sector of Ukraine to crisis situations