The 7 Be content was measured in aerosols (once per week) and precipitation (once per month) was monitored as part of the monitoring of the radioactivity of the atmospheric layer near the ground in Rostovon-Don in 2001-2005. Data were obtained on the correlations between the 7 Be volume activity in aerosols and the Wolf number, temperature, and amount of precipitation. The highest correlation coefficients were observed during the spring (k = 1). It was determined that the volume activity of 7 Be changes in the second half of the 23rd cycle of solar activity, i.e., the yearly average 7 Be concentration increases toward the end of the cycle. Data were obtained on the seasonal dependence of the precipitation density and the volume activity of 7 Be on the meteorological parameters (temperature, amount of precipitation).Cosmogenic 7 Be (T 1/2 = 52.3 days) forms in nuclear spallation reactions when high-energy protons (∼1 GeV) when cosmic rays interact with nitrogen nuclei in the stratosphere 14 N + p → 7 Be (up to 70-80%) and secondary neutrons with nitrogen nuclei and oxygen in the troposphere 14 N + n → 7 Be and 16 O + n → 7 Be (up to 20-30%) [1,2]. During changes in the solar activity (number of sun spots -the Wolf number W) within the 11-year solar cycle and aperiodic bursts of solar activity, the geomagnetic field changes, cosmic rays are deflected and, correspondingly, the 7 Be production rate changes [3]. A decrease of the 7 Be production rate corresponds to an increase of solar activity (increase of the Wolf number) and vice versa, i.e., there is an anticorrelation between the 7 Be content in the atmospheric air and the Wolf number with coefficient k = −0.81 according to [4] and k = −0.83 ± 0.03 according to the data in [5]. Over the 11-year solar cycle, the yearly average content at the maximum and minimum differs by approximately 45%. The 7 Be production rate also depends on the geographical coordinates of the observations station because of the effect of the Earth's magnetic field on the cosmic ray distribution.Long (more than two cycles of solar activity) systematic measurements on the global network of stations must be performed in order to determine reliably the relation between the 7 Be volume activity in the air layer at the ground and the solar activity against the background of variations of a different origin. The results of the determination of 7 Be in the atmosphere in 1974-1999 at 26 stations were analyzed in [3]. The existence of the anticorrelation indicated above, which explains about 54% of all temporal variations of the 7 Be for stations in Australia, New Zealand, and North America and only 18% of the variations for the stations in South America and Antarctica, has been proven. Long-time measurements (1987Long-time measurements ( -2003 were performed recently at temperate latitudes (40°38′) [6]. Under especially favorable conditions (regularity of measurements of the meteorological parameters, absence of any effect due to some of them, and so forth), a correlation between the 7 Be content an...

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The components of the background of a Ge(Li) detector and an ultrapure Ge detector in gamma spectrometers in passive shielding with a special design were studied in a ground-surface laboratory in 1996-2006. The measurement time varied from 45 to 240 h. The background for the detectors is due to radionuclides in the shielding material and cavities in the shielding and the detector materials themselves. Special attention is devoted to the study of the time dependence found for the background of the daughter of products of 222 Rn decay, including the 46.5 keV peak of 210 Pb.