The widespread use of methods of cephalometric analysis in practical orthodontics requires the adaptation of normative indicators for members of the local ethnic group. It is also important to study the relationships between cranial and odontometric parameters to understand the effects of these components on each other. The aim of the study was to establish the peculiarities of correlations between the characteristics of basal cranial structures determined by Bjork and Jarabak methods with teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws and the location of teeth in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion. Teleradiography was performed in the mode of cephalometric examination of 49 young men (aged 17 to 21 years) and 76 young women (aged 16 to 20 years) who had a physiological bite as close as possible to orthognathic. Cephalometric analysis according to modifications of Jarabak J. R. – Roth-Jarabak and Bjork A. – CFT-Bjork methods, performed using OnyxCeph³™ software, 3DPro version, Image Instruments GmbH, Germany (software license № URSQ-1799). All indicators were divided into three groups according to Dmitriev M. O. (2017): the first group included metric characteristics of the skull, which are used as basic indicators in the methods of cephalometric analysis; to the second group – dental-maxillary in which the skeleton has already been formed and which surgical methods can change the length, width, angles and positions of the upper and lower jaws; to the third group – indicators that actually characterize the position of each individual tooth relative to each other, cranial structures and the profile of the soft tissues of the face. Correlation assessment was performed in the license package "Statistica 6.0" using the non-parametric Spearman method. As a result of the conducted researches in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion the peculiarities of multiple correlations of characteristics of basal cranial structures determined by CFT-Bjork and Roth-Jarabak methods with teleradiographic parameters of upper and lower jaws and tooth location were established. Both the CFT-Bjork method and the Roth-Jarabak method have more reliable correlations in both young men and young women between the first and second groups (23.3 % for young men and 50.0 % for young women for CFT-Bjork and 48.4 % for young men and 41.1% for young women according to Roth-Jarabak) than between the indicators of the first and third groups (respectively 12.8 % for young men and 7.7 % for young women for CFT-Bjork and 22.5 % for young men and 12.5 % for young women for Roth-Jarabak). The expressed manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the received correlations between the indicators defined by CFT-Bjork and Roth-Jarabak methods both on quantity and force, and in some cases on a direction of correlations are established.

Annotation. Determining the characteristics of certain indicators within a certain population, the relationship between certain anatomical structures and parameters of the human body is one of the key tasks of clinical anthropology. Identifying the nature, strength and direction of the interdependencies of such indicators is a key element not only for understanding human nature but also for solving clinical, including dental problems today. The aim of the study was to establish in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion the peculiarities of correlations of teleradiographic parameters of tooth location determined by Bjork, Jarabak and Sassouni methods with parameters of upper and lower jaws and tooth location. Teleradiography in the mode of cephalometric examination was performed for 49 young men and 76 young women with orthognathic occlusion. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software, 3DPro version, Image Instruments GmbH, Germany (software license URSQ-1799). Correlation assessment was performed in the license package “Statistica 6.0” using the non-parametric Spearman method. In young men and young women, the features of multiple correlations of teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws with the parameters of the location of the teeth determined by the methods of CFT-Bjork, Roth-Jarabak and Sassouni. As a result of quantitative analysis of significant correlations between teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws with the parameters of the location of the teeth found: CFT-Bjork in young men 46.9 %, of which 5.4 % straight strong, 18.5 % straight medium and 2.3 % straight weak and 2.3 % reversible strong, 16.2 % reversible medium strength and 2.3 % reverse weak, and young women – 38.5 %, of which, 2.3 % direct strong, 15.4 % direct medium strength and 6.2 % direct weak and 0.8 % reverse strong, 7.7 % reverse medium strength and 6.2 % of reversible weak; according to the Roth-Jarabak method, 36.2 % of young men, 6.6 % of direct strong, 11.8 % of direct medium strength and 2.6 % of direct weak and 2.6 % of reverse strong, 11.8 % of reverse of medium strength and 0.7 % of reverse weak, and young women – 44.7 %, of which, 3.9 % direct strong, 15.1 % direct medium strength and 7.2 % direct weak and 0.7 % reverse strong, 8.6 % reverse medium strength and 9.2 % reverse weak; according to the Sassouni method, 42.8 % of young men have all medium-strength, and 42.8 % of young women have, of which 35.7 % have medium-strength and 7.1 % have weak straight. Manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the received correlations are established only between the indicators defined by CFT-Bjork and Roth-Jarabak methods.

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The study of the features of the upper respiratory tract and the relationship of their parameters with other anatomical formations and structures of the human body is one of the promising areas of modern science. Since numerous anatomical components are involved in the functioning of the respiratory tract, their detailed study should be carried out separately. One of these components that is of direct interest to science and practice is the soft palate. The purpose of the study is to establish the peculiarities of the teleroentgenometric parameters of the soft palate in Ukrainian young men and young women without pathology of the upper respiratory tract with an orthognathic bite without and taking into account the type of face. Determination of teleroentgenometric parameters of the soft palate was carried out in 72 young women and 46 young men with no pathology of the upper respiratory tract with an orthognathic bite (primary lateral teleroentgenograms were taken from the database of the research center and the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya). For all young men and young women face type was determined using Garson's morphological index. The analysis of the obtained results was carried out in the statistical package “Statistica 6.0” using non-parametric estimation methods. As a result of the conducted research, pronounced gender differences were found (significantly greater, or a tendency to greater values in young men): the value of the PM-U distance in representatives without taking into account the type of face by 7.1 %, with very wide – by 9.2 %, with wide – by 8.4 % and with narrow – by 7.4 % face types; values of the SPT distance in representatives without taking into account the face type by 10.3 %, with very wide – by 16.4 % and with narrow – by 23.1 % face types; the values of the NL/PM-U angle in representatives without taking into account the face type by 7.6 % and by 11.5 % with wide face types; the size of the SPA area in representatives without taking into account the type of face by 17.2 %, with very wide – by 24.4 %, with wide – by 13.4 % and with narrow – by 32.2 % of face types. When analyzing the value of teleradiographic parameters of the soft palate in young men between different types of faces, it was established that significantly higher values or trends towards higher values in representatives with a narrow face of the SPT distance and SPA area than in young men with a very wide (respectively by 8.9 % and 13.0 %) and average (by 13.9 % and 22.2 %), respectively, face types, and in young men, regardless of face type, there is a tendency for greater values of the PM-U distance than in representatives with an average face (by 4.2 %). In young women with a narrow face, only a tendency to greater values of the NL/PM-U angle was established than in young women with a wide face (by 6.2 %). The results of the study are an integral element of determining the normative values of various parameters of the upper respiratory tract, which enables practicing doctors to more correctly distinguish the norm from pathology.

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