In this work, theoretical modelling of the thermodynamic processes of the release of excess phases is carried out using the CALPHAD method. As well as a practical study of the structure and distribution of chemical elements in carbides, depending on alloying using scanning electron microscopy. It has been established that in typical carbides, for the system Ni-11.5Cr-5Co-3.6Al-4.5Ti-7W-0.8Mo-0.06C, there is a tendency to degeneration and phase reactions depending on the level of alloying with the given elements. The mathematical dependences of the influence of alloying on the temperature of precipitation (dissolution) of carbides and the change in the chemical composition of the alloy on the content of elements in carbides are established. The obtained dependences were experimentally confirmed using scanning electron microscopy on nickel-based superalloys.