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Background. Today, a special place in surgical practice is the treatment of patients with spigelian hernias, which can be subcutaneous, interstitial, prepperitoneal, and make up 1% of all external hernias of the abdomen. The difficulty in diagnosing of spigelian hernias can lead to a serious complication – infringement of the hernia, which will require emergency surgical treatment. Therefore, the study of the typical, sexual and variant anatomy of the Spigelian line region is important in improving the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.The aim. To study the features of typical, sexual and variant anatomy of the Spigelian line region.Materials and methods. We examined 42 non-fixed corpses of persons of both sexes without signs of pathology of the anterior abdominal wall. Among them were 26 (54.2%) men and 22 (45.8%) women. At autopsy, we performed anatomical dissection of the semilunar line region. We measured the width of the aponeurotic stretch from the end of the transverse abdominal muscle fibers to the lateral edge of the rectus abdominis muscle at level corresponding to d. bicostarum, umbilical ring and d. bispinarum.Results. We identified four clusters corresponding to the variations in the shape of the semilunar line: tapering down (9.5%), uniform wide (19.0%), tapering up (28.6%) and wide in the middle (42.9%). We found that the semilunar line, tapering up, was significantly more often observed in women (83.3%), uniformly wide – in brachymorphic body type (75.0%), wide in the middle – in mesomorphic body type (66.07%), and the semilunar line, tapering down, was found only in men. Variants of the shape of the semilunar line, tapering up or down, were absent in persons of the brachymorphic body type. Semilunar line, tapering up, was found (without significant differences) in persons of the mesomorphic body type in 41.6%, in the persons of the brachymorphic body type – in 58.4%, and semilunar line, tapering down, was noted in persons with a dolichomorphic body type in 75.0%.Conclusion. New data may allow to predict the location, type of spigelian hernia, and also improve the diagnosis and treatment of spigelian hernia.

On the basis of retrospective study the risk factors are identified, which commonly found among women with postpartum purulent-septic complications, and with using of nonparametric measures make analysis of their significance.

ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России, г. Воронеж, РоссияПри топографо-анатомической подготовке трупа женского пола к использованию в педагогической практике (методами анатомического препарирования и морфометрии) обнаружена асимметрия лопаточно-подъязычных мышц шеи. По данным литературы выявленные отклонения в строении данной мышцы, помимо анатомической значимости, имеют ценность в клинико-практической деятельности хирургов различного профиля. Описанный анатомический вариант строения лопаточно-подъязычных мышц, заключающийся в их асимметрии, имеет ряд клинически значимых аспектов, касающихся хирургии передней области шеи. Лопаточно-подъязычная мышца является надежным ориентиром для эндоскопического исследования плечевого сплетения, а также при поиске метастазов в шейных лимфатических узлах. Иногда, в случае гипертрофии нижнего брюшка лопаточно-подъязычная мышца становится причиной развития функциональной дисфагии и спастической кривошеи.Ключевые слова: вариантная анатомия, передняя область шеи, лопаточно-подъязычная мышца.The Case of Asymmetry of the Omohyoid Muscle © A.