The purpose of the work is to study the features of histomorphometric changes in the pancreas of rats under conditions of hyperosmolar dehydration. Material and methods. The experiment was conducted on 40 adult white male

Dehydration is a pathological condition caused by insufficient water intake and is accompanied by metabolic disorders that have significant consequences for human health and performance. The endocrine system takes part in a number of functions of the water exchange system, optimizing body fluid volume. In the literature, there is no systematic data on changes in the pancreas under conditions of various types of dehydration. This article is devoted to the study of structural changes in the pancreas in conditions of sublethal degrees of various types of dehydration, followed by readaptation and correction with a drug that has anti-ischemic, membrane-stabilizing, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory properties that allow to normalize protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The purpose of the study was to research the features of changes in the endocrine and exocrine parenchyma of the pancreas by the method of morphometry of histological preparations under conditions of sublethal dehydration with subsequent readaptation and correction with thiazotic acid morpholinium salt. The study group consisted of 60 mature male rats, which were simulated sublethal degree of general, cellular and extracellular dehydration by the method of A.D.Soboleva, V.Z.Sikora, J.Ya.Bodnar. After reaching a severe degree of dehydration, part of the rats were transferred to a regular drinking diet, the second part received a corrector drug for 14 days. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment by decapitation under anesthesia on 24th, 44th and 104th days in accordance with the type of dehydration. After analyzing the results obtained, it was found that there were no significant differences in most morphometric parameters under conditions of exposure to sublethal dehydration in comparison with subsequent readaptation. Significant changes in the area of the islets of Langerhans and the area of nuclei of exocrinocytes were revealed under conditions of exposure to various types of sublethal dehydration in comparison with readaptation and correction; in all experimental groups. Other morphometric parameters of the pancreatic parenchyma had changes of varying statistical significance, which depended on the type of dehydration. It has been established that the use of the thiazotic acid morpholinium salt leads to partial restoration of the structural components of the pancreatic parenchyma in comparison with the period of readaptation.

Dehydration accompanies a number of pathological conditions and causes alteration of the organs and systems of an organism. Research aim: to study histomorphometric changes in pancreas under the conditions of general dehydration of an organism, to identify correlation between the studied groups. The experiment was carried out on 35 white male rats. Pancreas was stained with haematoxylin and eosin and also Van Gieson’s stain was used. The size of acini and islets of Langerhans and other parenchyma formations were assessed. The acini area of has decreased by 6.5% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the intact group on the 3rd day. The area of islets of Langerhans decreased by 2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the intact group. The area of islets of Langerhans has increased by 0.2% (р˃0.05) on the 7th dayof experiment in comparison with the control group and by 2.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 3rd day. Acini area has increased by 7.2% (р˃0.05) on the 7th day in comparison with the control group and by 13.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 3rd day. The acini area has increased by 25.8% (р<0.05) on the 10th day in comparison with the control group; by 30.6% (р<0.01) in comparison with the 3rd day; by 20.2% (р˃0.05) in comparison with the 7th day. The area of is lets of Langerhans has increased by 55.5% (р<0.001) incomparison with the control group, by 56.3% (р<0.001) in comparison with the 3rd day; by 55.4% (р<0.001) in comparison with the 7th day. The results analysis found the correlation between the area of islets of Langerhans and acini r=0.407, p<0.05; between the area of islets of Langerhans and dehydration degree r=0.708, p<0.001; between acini area and dehydration degree r=0.534, p<0.001. It was found by morphologically that the presence of destructive changes in the pancreatic parenchyma, which progress as the degree of severity of dehydration.

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The aim: The objective of our study was to evaluate the features of ultramorphometric characteristics of exocrine parenchyma and microvasculature of the pancreas in the presence of moderate dehydration by means of an experiment in laboratory rats. Materials and methods: The experiment involved 20 mature white male rats divided into 2 groups: control and experimental (10 rats each). In the experimental group, moderate dehydration was simulated, i.e. the animals were deprived of water for 7 days, while the control rats were provided with a normal water supply during the study. Pancreatic parenchyma samples were fixed in phosphate-buffered glutaraldehyde solution and post-fixed in osmium tetroxide solution, dehydrated and embedded in a mixture of epoxy resins. Ultrastructural analysis was performed using JEOL JEM-1230 transmission electron microscope (Japan). Results: Pancreatic electron microscopy in the presence of moderate dehydration demonstrated statistically significant changes in exocrinocytes area and exocrinocyte nucleus area which increased by 8.02% (p = 0.028) and 40.28% (p &#60; 0.001), respectively. Among the vessels of microcirculation, the largest changes occurred in the capillaries: their lumen narrowed by 22.34% (p = 0.002) as compared with the control group. The cytoplasm of endothelial cells contained a large number of vacuoles and micropinocytotic vesicles. Conclusions: Among the organelles of exocrinocytes, mitochondria appeared the most vulnerable to the effects of dehydration. They demonstrated polymorphic changes: a part of the mitochondria was hypotrophic and had partially reduced cristae, and another part was hypertrophic.