Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos Lietuvos kaimo plėtros 2007–2013 m. programos įgyvendinimo pasekmės žemės ūkio paskirties žemės naudojimui. Pagrindinis tyrimų tikslas – išanalizuoti žemės ūkio naudmenų ploto pokyčius ir galimybes reguliuoti žemės ūkio raidą šalies regionuose. Analizės pagrindu nustatyti prognozuojami žemės ūkio naudmenų ploto, ūkio dydžio ir žemės ūkio gamybos specializacijos pokyčiai iki 2020 metų. Pateikti pasiūlymai teisinėmis ir ekonominėmis priemonėmis reguliuoti agrarinių teritorijų plėtrą šalies savivaldybėse taip, kad būtų išsaugotas ir padidintas našių žemės ūkio naudmenų plotas, o augalininkystės ir gyvulininkystės gamybos šakos būtų plėtojamos atsižvelgiant į tinkamiausią žemės ūkinių savybių panaudojimą. Padidinus žemės naudojimo efektyvumą ir teikiant Europos Sąjungos bei valstybės paramą, šalyje gali didėti deklaruojamų žemės ūkio naudmenų plotas (apie 5 %), vidutinis ūkio dydis (iki 29,5 ha), intensyviųjų kultūrų pasėlių plotas (11 % ir daugiau). Dėl racionalesnio daugiamečių žalienų naudojimo sutartinių galvijų skaičių šalyje galima padidinti 58 % ir daugiau.
The article presents an analysis of two subjects: the motives of formation and reparcelling of land parcel projects and evaluation of their solution effects on landscape, and rationality and compatibility of projected land use. The main intentions of the projects were estimated after the research. The first intention is to divide land parcels according to parts belonging to co-owners (to form separate parcels). The second intention is to divide land parcels in order to sell or grant to other persons. The third intention is to specify borders between owned and neighbouring parcels. An analysis of ecological balance rate indicators of project solutions shows a result that a scarcely stable territory was in 8 parcels (K es = 0.34-0.50), a totally ecological unstable territory was in 13 parcels (K es ≤ 0.33), and a moderately stable territory was only in 2 parcels. It was noticed that in many cases there were small negative changes of the ecological balance rate. It depends on the dividing process of arable land and more ecologically stable territories.
It is planned to ensure the balanced development of the country's territory, creating and maintaining a healthy and harmonious human habitat and natural elements of the countryside and ensuring overall ecological stability by means of the agri-environmental protection activity measures RDP. As part of the EU's rural development policy, the tool for improving agri-environmental and climatic conditions has been continuously improved. The paper analyzes the differences between the 2007 -2013 RDP measure „Agri-environmental payments” and 2014-2020 RDP measure "Agri-environment and climate". Comparison of the 4 directions of the 2007-2013 and 2014-2020 RDP measure "Agri-environment and climate" according to the individual criteria for each direction indicate that the program rules are adjusted in a beneficial direction for both parties in close cooperation between the responsible authorities and the beneficiaries. In 2007-2013 it has been established that RDP measure "Agri-environmental payments" covered a much wider range of directions, and in 2014-2020, the RDP measure "Agri-environment and climate" had a slightly narrower range of directions, but more specific and clearer rules. However, the desired results can not be achieved. The greatest benefit of the measure is the improved biodiversity of the country. The main driving force for agri-environmental measures is financial support.
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