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Abstract.A description of five mathematical models of the water-retention capacity of soil is given, taking into account the hysteresis phenomena. A computational experiment was carried out with these models using data on sandy soil. The experiment consisted of: (i) tuning of the models (parameter identification) by the method of dot-approximation of experimental data on the main drying and wetting branches of the hysteresis loop using an optimizing algorithm; (ii) the predictive calculation of the scanning branches of the hysteresis loop; (iii) a comparison of the errors in tuning results and the predictive calculation using the Williams-Kloot criteria. The commensurate and sufficiently low errors in the adjustment of the models have been achieved. The differences in the calculation of the scanning hysteresis branches are revealed. The practical significance of the mathematical models presented is to ensure the calculation of precision irrigation rates. The application of such rates in irrigation farming will help to prevent excess moisture from flowing beyond the root layer of the soil under the influence of gravity and, thus, to minimize the losses (unproductive consumption) of irrigation water, fertilizers, meliorants and plant protection products, and also reduce the risk of groundwater contamination with agrochemicals and eutrophication of water bodies.

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На основании исследований радиационного фона окружающей среды, содержания тяжелых металлов в эдафотопах и растительности доказано, что свалки и терриконы угольных шахт приводят к повышению техногенной опасности в регионе. Исследовано видовое разнообразие, стадии зарастания, распределение особей в популяциях растительности девастированных ландшафтов. Анализ результатов исследований свидетельствует о необходимости создания системы защитных насаждений в пределах девастированных ландшафтов для улучшения экологического состояния техногенно перегруженного региона и повышения продуктивности нарушенных земель.Ключевые слова : свалка, террикон, девастированный ландшафт, техногенный прессинг, стадия зарастания, индекс разнообразия, типология, фитомелиорация Popovich V.V.

Urbanization in Ukraine has led to the development of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin. One of the main negative factors in the operation of coal basins are mine dumps. In addition to environmental hazards, waste heaps of coal mines violate the attractiveness and aesthetics of towns. The wastewater from waste heaps is a secondary factor in reducing the environmental safety of the coal-mining region. These waters are concentrated at the foot of landfills forming the man-made reservoirs. The research presents the negative factors of mine dumps and the results of physical and chemical analysis of subtericone wastewater and its impact on environmental pollution. It is established that the most polluted is the wastewater from waste heaps of the Mezhyrichanska mine which is caused by its operating process. The man-made polluted wastewater from heaps is a secondary factor in reducing the level of ecological danger of the coal-mining region. These waters are concentrated at the foot of landfills in the form of man-made reservoirs. The aim of the research is to indicate the negative factors of urban waste heaps by studying the physical and chemical properties of underspoil waters within the cities of Chervonograd and Novovolynsk.