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Aim: To evaluate the concurrent validity of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) against ICD-10 criteria for depressive disorder and its performance as a screening and diagnostic tool for depression in patients with epilepsy (PWE).Subjects and Methods: One hundred and six PWE underwent clinical psychiatric examination followed by evaluation on HAMD-17. ICD-10 criteria for comorbid depressive disorder were applied. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's α. A "receiver operating characteristics" (ROC) curve was obtained and the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) were calculated for different cut-off points of the HAMD-17.Results: Internal consistency measured by Cronbach's ± was 0.74. Maximal discrimination between depressed and non depressed was obtained at a cut-off score of 8/9 (sensitivity 0.93, specificity 0.98). High sensitivity and NPV at the same cut-off score (sensitivity 0.93, NPV 1.0) show the screening properties, and high specificity and PPV at cut-offs 9/10, the diagnostic properties of the instrument. The area under the ROC curve (AUC=0.746) indicates the concurrent validity of the HAMD-17 score with the ICD-10 criteria for depressive disorder.Conclusion: The validity of the HAMD-17 against ICD-10 criteria for depressive disorder in PWE in our study is fair. The concurrent administration of diagnostic criteria can ascertain the presence of core symptoms of depression.

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<p>The line of knowledge runs from the general social, legal, financial and managerial framework. It is necessary to present the object of professional activity, the peculiarities of professional work and the methods for its optimization. Subjects of the survey were 100 dentists who perform treatment of deciduous teeth from the city of Varna, Bulgaria. The individual addressed anonymous survey was fulfilled during educational, clinical and organization meetings at the Faculty of Dental Medicine-Varna and on the territory of the city of Varna. The interviewed dentists encounter difficulties with the diagnosis of the initial dental caries in primary dentition. The dentists included in the survey rely mainly on their theoretical and practical experience and routine clinical methods for non-invasive treatment of the initial dental caries. Work experience and the specialty do not have a significant impact on the awareness of dentists about the new criteria related to the diagnosis and prevention of dental caries in the primary dentition. The age, work experience and specialty of dentists are factors for their awareness of the new approaches to treatment of children, as doctors up to 30 years of age, with a recognized specialty and work experience up to five years are more informed.</p>

The purpose of this study was to examine the risk factors associated with the development of dental caries in children in Bulgaria. The research has been carried out at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, in the period 2015-2016, with the permission of the University Scientific Research Committee and informed consent signed by each parent. The subject of observation was parents of children from Varna region in Bulgaria. The results were statistically processed with SPSS v.20.0, using variation and comparison (chi-square) analyzes. For significance level we assume p&lt;0.05. The volume of observation encompasses 100 persons. Units of observation are patients aged three to six years with the need for prevention and treatment of dental caries of the primary dentition. The registration was done in a specially developed questionnaire, including 22 questions, each with the possibility of more than one answer. In processing the obtained data, Student's criterion was used to compare the mean values of two independent samples. In a comparative analysis of the results, we found that 71.01% of children aged three to six years visit a dentist, and patients use fluoride only in the form of toothpaste containing fluoride. When studying the knowledge and behavior of parents in the direction of risk factors for the development of dental caries and oral prophylaxis, need for a new approach of pediatric dentists has been found, focused on programming preventive and non-invasive treatment of children according to their individual needs.