There is a struggle in Ukraine between the collectivism of the past and the individualized activity of the present with a propensity for opportunistic behavior. This profound contradiction is historically predetermined, and, in fact, it has set a higher level of social embodiment in formation of extractive institutions. Thus, both society and the state face the task of harmonizing the activities of public institutions, church organizations, parties and movements, as uncontrolled markets are devastating in their consequences because they lack moral foundations. In Ukraine, in the last three years, after a significant drop in the economy and implementation of austerity policy, 51,1% of the population has a level of income below the subsistence level. Possibilities of overcoming this destruction in the incomes of Ukraine’s population are significantly limited, since this negative tendency is logically linked to the relevant global processes, which in 20 years can deepen the inequality both in income and in terms of property control. As today’s experts on poverty issues say, it will be even more unfair to humans, and, accordingly, “the worlds of billions of poor” will be formed. And, as repeatedly stressed, this will be a characteristic feature of the “new Middle Ages”; since it is widely acknowledged that those who have property or capital grow up much faster than those who do not have such property. The current institutions of the state and government, including in Ukraine, are generally characterized by a low level of trust in society. Consequently, without close cooperation of the state with civil society organizations, successful reform of the domestic economy and conduct of active economic policy, if possible, it is only due to too slow progress, and even under the pressure of external factors not always realized in national interests. That is why the principles of “developing protectionism” in line with the national economic interests, which are under serious exogenous pressure, need to be updated in Ukraine. Therefore it is necessary to make a transition to a stable trajectory of long-term economic growth on the basis of endogenization, thanks to which the role of dominating now exogenous factors in economic development will decrease.

No abstract

Nearly 30 years of transformation of the sociopolitical and legal, socioeconomical and financial, sociocultural and welfare, and socioenvironmental dimensions in both Central and Eastern Europe, including Ukraine, has led to a change of the social quality of daily circumstances. On the one hand, the interconnection and reciprocity of these four relevant dimensions of societal life is the underlying cause of such changes, and on the other, the state as main actor of the sociopolitical and legal dimension is the initiator of those changes. Applying the social quality approach, I will reflect in this article on the consequences of these changes, especially in Ukraine. In comparison, the dominant Western interpretation of the “welfare state” will also be discussed.

No abstract

Раскрыты логико-исторические основания подхода Гж. Колодко к трактовке феномена Китая, строящего социализм с китайской спецификой и развивающего капиталистические отношения. Реальность выходит за пределы дилеммы "социализм или капитализм" и представляет нечто третье, имеющее самостоятельное значение. Показано, что исходным основанием возникновения общества и человека является совместно-разделённый труд, две стороны которого (совместность и разделённость) исторически развиваясь, воплощаются со стороны разделённости в рыночной экономике и капитализме, а со стороны совместности-в государстве и социализме. На этой основе возникает противоборство двух противоположных систем: капитализма и социализма. Последующее историческое движение превращает капитализацию и социализацию в два комплементарных процесса развития общества, которое уже неадекватно описывать в терминах двух систем. Возникает нечто третье. Это доказывает, что "третье дано" Гжегожа Колодко имеет не только остро актуальное практическое значение, но и глубокие логико-исторические основания.