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The article reflects the opinion that the choice of optimal engineering solution to ensure acoustic comfort in a specific urban or rural area should be based, first of all, on the use of two criteria: environmental efficiency and energy efficiency. The article proposes using, along with environmental efficiency, an additional optimization criterion - energy efficiency of the process for modern conditions of multi-criteria selection of engineering solutions in the field of providing acoustic comfort (ecological safety) in urban and rural areas. The article gives a justification for the need to apply the criterion of energy efficiency in this area and also presents the results of the obtained mathematical dependencies.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the physical nature of the air acoustic pollution process for the clay brick workshop of the brick factory molding department. According to the physical and energy approach, acoustic pollution of the air is considered as a multi-stage probabilistic process, the implementation of which depends on the physical characteristics of the objects involved in it at each stage and the characteristics of their interaction with each other. The physical model of the air acoustic pollution process constructed by the authors clearly reveals the physical essence of each stage of this process.