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PurposeThis paper reviews the possibilities of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreading from infected humans to pet animals and from pet animals to other animals and humans.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review and meta-analysis were performed on research articles from November 2019 to August 2020. This study explored urgently needed research issues on COVID-19 infection spreading across animals and humans and vice versa.FindingsEssential and much needed precautionary measures and necessary preventive steps to protect pet animals from infection were highlighted.Originality/valueEssential investigation and experiment results were highlighted. The necessary measure to prevent the spread of infection among and across species and people was analyzed.