Introduction: HIV/AIDS Infection is one of the commonly encountered illness in our setup. It causes morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the number of HIV-infected patients has increased dramatically in the past decade. Current study aimed to record serum albumin level in patients suffering from HIV infection. Material and methods: A total of 175 subjects were studied over a period of 3 months. History and examination were done according to the proforma after taking written informed consent. Routine investigations included CD 4 Count and LFT. All data were entered in the master chart and analysed using SPSS Version 20 software Results: Out of 175 subjects majority were in age group of 41 to 50 years (30.4%) with mean age around 42 years and 101 subjects were males (57.7%). Low serum albumin was found in 67.2% of subjects. 12% of the subjects had CD 4 Count of less than 100 and among subjects with CD 4 Count of less than 100, 76% of the subjects had low serum albumin which was statistically significant with p value of 0.003. Conclusion: From the study can conclude that in HIV /AIDS patients serum albumin levels correlate with CD 4 counts and can be used as a marker of immune suppression.

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which has posed a constant challenge to mankind in its treatment due to increasing resistance and longer duration of treatment. The newer approach is to look towards strengthening host immune system along with suppressing the organism. Aim of the study was to assess the existence of Vitamin D deficiency in TB patients and aid in the strategies and development of newer improvised approaches in the treatment of TB. Objectives of the study was to estimate vitamin D levels in Tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) patients, assess Correlation between vitamin D and   pulmonary tuberculosis and to assess correlation between Vitamin D and extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study consisted of 80 tuberculosis patients both extrapulmonary and pulmonary. Blood samples was analysed for Vitamin D levels and results were compared with age and sex matched controls. Results was analysed using SPSS software.Results: The cases included patient in the age group of 18-60 year with the mean age being 42.34±14.65 year. Of the 80 tuberculosis patients 42 were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and 38 constituted extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The mean Vitamin D in cases was 24.82±12.33 and controls was 34.41±6.19. Among the cases 25 (31.3%) subjects had Vitamin D levels <20 pg/ml and none of the controls had levels <20 pg/ml. The mean Vitamin D level in pulmonary Tb patients was found to be 24.29±11.86 pg/ml and Extra-pulmonary Tb was 25.40±12.96 pg/ml. The unpaired t-test was statistically significant with p value of 0.005.Conclusions: This study has emphasized on the presence of nutritional deficiency in TB patients and necessity to correct them to achieve a better cure rate.

BACKGROUND:The study was designed to explore lipid profile and electrocardiographic changes associated with thyroid dysfunctions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 patients of thyroid dysfunction having either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism were investigated with lipid profiles and electrocardiogram (ECG). RESULTS: Out of the 50 patients, 27(54%) were suffering from hypothyroidism, while hyperthyroidism was present in 23(46%). Female: male ratio was 1.7:1. Mean cholesterol and LDL was higher in hypothyroid patients. Maximum number of hypothyroid patients (76%) had either borderline high (27.92%) or high (48.14%) serum cholesterol. 91.3% of the 23 hyperthyroid patients had serum cholesterol levels <200 mg%. In hypothyroidism sinus bradycardia is the most common electrocardiographic findings and sinus tachycardia is most commonly seen in hyperthyroidism. CONCLUSION: Total and LDL cholesterol is significantly high in hypothyroid patients. Commonest electrocardiographic findings in hypothyroidism is sinus bradycardia whereas in hyperthyroid patients it is sinus tachycardia followed by atrial fibrillation