Regardless of cultural or religious background, the residents endorsed the curriculum as a worthwhile experience and increased their appreciation of the place of spirituality in the holistic care of patients with psychiatric conditions.

Determine if Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS) with Chiari-like malformation associated pain (CM-P) or syringomyelia (SM) are predisposed to oropharynx inflammation. MethodsCase control study 1) analysis of gross inflammation from oropharynx photographs; 2) cytological preparations from hard palate, soft palate and tonsils assessed for nucleated cellularity, mucus and bacterial presence. Ratio of inflammatory to epithelial cells calculated in 5 fields of view (40x objective); 3) soft palate quantitative measurements from T2-weighted midsagittal MRI 4) visual assessment of presence of soft palate hyperintensity, soft palate, nasopharynx impingement or otitis media with effusion (OME) from T2-weighted midsagittal and transverse head MRI.

Purpose of reviewPatients from ethnic/minority backgrounds or low socioeconomic status face numerous barriers to achieving ideal diabetes care goals. The purpose of this review is to describe the burden of diabetes in vulnerable populations; discuss the etiologic factors leading to health disparities in diabetes; and present challenges and solutions to improving diabetes care through novel diabetes self-management education and support interventions. Recent findingsRecent interventions to alleviate health disparities utilize a combination of community health workers, peer leaders and technology-based approaches to provide diabetes self-management education and support and overcome barriers to diabetes control such as low literacy, difficulty with transportation, and cultural beliefs. These interventions achieve clinically meaningful improvements in blood glucose control as measured by haemoglobin A1C and are effective in addressing psychosocial outcomes such as diabetes distress. Research is underway to address food insecurity through food delivery and use behavioural economics principles to provide financial incentives to diabetes control.