After first analysing the internationalization process of firms in the tourism sector and proposing that the internationalization process is usually sequential for most small and medium tourism firms, this chapter identifies the factors determining the export activity, with special emphasis on internal factors, particularly the demographic characteristics of the decision makers. The chapter then examines the key strategic aspects in internal and external analyses and their importance to internationalization.
Los decisores empresariales utilizan Puntos de Referencia Estratégicos (Strategic Reference Points, S.R.P.) con objeto de posicionarse en la evaluación de los problemas estratégicos que se les presentan, estando su elección estratégica condicionada por la percepción de la posición relativa de su empresa respecto a dichos S.R.P. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar los S.R.P. externos para las empresas actuante en un determinado entorno. La metodología aplicada ha sido la de Análisis y Diagnóstico del Entorno, mediante el modelo GEPS (Oreja, 1999) de determinación de la incertidumbre percibida del entorno por parte de los decisores de las empresas, en base a sus análisis cognoscitivos y mapas mentales.
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