Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease complicated by progressively increasing atherosclerotic plaques in the arterial walls. The life-threatening syndrome adversely affects the arterial blood vessels in response to chronic inflammatory signaling of white blood cells in the walls of arteries to form multiple atheromatous plaques. To date, several methods of identification of high-risk atherosclerotic invasive and noninvasive plaque imaging modalities and biomarkers in high-risk patients is warranted. Intracoronary imaging strategies for confirmation of plaque existence and characteristics are detectable in humans. More recently, computed tomography (CT) or electron beam tomography (EBT) and gray-scale intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging are used to visualize the external elastic lamina of the vessel wall to determine the vessel size, plaque components and morphology in comparison to angiography. Further, the beneficial effects of radiofrequency (RF) analysis of the ultrasonic signal (RF-IVUS) would be helpful to distinguish the nature of composition among fibrotic plaque and fibro-calcific plaque of thick-cap fibro-atheroma (TCFA) in vulnerable plaques of atherosclerosis. Akin to pharmaceuticals, functional foods can also be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the beneficial effects dietary flaxseed on the regression of atherosclerotic plaques or the resolution of cholesterol-induced vascular contractile dysfunction has been well documented.