The paper presents integrated database created using the riverbed of the Kutinska River), and steep unstable as input information ground-based and remote sensing data for technogenic slopes were formed. The third stage begins after studying the changes of the stream network and the development coal mining's termination. During this stage a recultivation of of landslide processes in open coal mining areas. Remote sensing the investigated territory is performed which is still incomplete. methods and GIS technologies make it possible to identify the It is characterized by the development of periodic landslide areas with strongest manifestation of landslide processes and processes generating numerous geoecological problems. determine their spatial parameters. The advantage here is thatThe created database for the investigated processes may be of the analysis is performed on an integrated basis, and not use in landscape planning, for the needs of sustainable regional separately for the particular landscape components. development, or to the local self-governing bodies. The changes of the stream network and landslide processes over a 65-year period (1940-2006) on the territories of the land of Novi Iskur, Sofia Municipality, affected by coal mining were INTRODUCTION investigated. The development of coal mining arouses a number As a result of antropogenization and the opencast of geoecological problems, contributes to the intensification of extraction of coals the nature balance is disturbed in many erosion and landslide processes in the area and has negative b m .impact on the Kutina Pyramids natural landmark located in its regions, affected by minmsg activities. These give rlse to a immediate vicinity.number of ecological problems, which affect human life bothThe thematic database created for the purpose includes directly and indirectly. An integrated GIS is created using as archive panchromatic aerial photographs and high spatial input information ground-based and remote sensing data for resolution satellite images for various years (prior to, during, studying the changes of the stream network and the and after the exploitation period), large-scale topographic maps, development of landslide processes. The created database is data from terrain studies and GPS measurements, photos, aimed at processing and retrieval of information from aerial climatic and geologic data, and other types of information. To photos and satellite images with high spatial resolution. reveal the changes in the stream network and landslide processes Remote sensing methods and GIS technologies make it in the open coal mining areas, remote sensing methods in conjunction with geomorphologic and cartographic methods possibletodentify the areastwith strongest anifestatonrof were used. Computer-aided visual deciphering and landslide processes and determine their spatial parameters. interpretation of the high spatial resolution aerial photographs The advantage here is that the analysis is performed on an and satellite images for the aforementioned ye...

Abstract:One of the priority lines of modern regional policy with regard to mining is a territory's sustainable use. One of the key issues is the development of local level monitoring systems to assess and control territories that are subject to intensive anthropogenic activity. The current work proposes a developed geodatabase model for remote sensing and ground-based monitoring of the effects of coal mining at drainage level using geoinformation technologies. Based on this model, the Kutina geographic information system for the drainage basin of the Kutina River has been constructed.The geodatabase is open and may be updated and supplemented with other types of information. This is the first monitoring of coal mining's anthropogenic impact on the land cover and the Kutina Pyramids natural landmark carried out on the territory of the Kutina River drainage basin, Bulgaria. It may assist local level managerial decision-making, among others. Generation of landslide processes and self-ignition of coal layers has been identified as well. The recorded change in the hydrographic network resulting from the performed open coal extraction affects directly the change of the erosion basis. Its increase enhances lateral erosion at the expense of vertical, which is one of the major causes for the Kutina Pyramids natural landmark's degradation.

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The idea and practice of separate waste collection is widespread in Europe as an effective way of building public awareness of environmental responsibility. The study covers activities on the most current environmental topics: sustainable development, municipal waste, recycling, composting. The project provides opportunities for cooperation and interaction between students in a team organisation of cognitive activity, the implementation of active student learning, and constructivist design of training, which will increase the practical orientation of the acquired knowledge and competences. The project aims at developing an innovative curriculum, curriculum content, methodological model, and didactic materials for the education of high school students and to increase their environmental competence in sustainable waste management at school and in their households. As a result of the training activities following Kolb's cycle, the participants in the study have changed their behaviour with the tendency to reduce the wastes amount and the use of disposable packages.