УДК 657.62 JEL Classification M41 Царук Василь канд. екон. наук, заступник директора з навчальної роботи ВСП «Рівненський коледж Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України» м. Рівне, Україна

The expediency of conducting researches in the direction of determining the role of accounting in the contracting process of corporate structures has been grounded. A historical analysis of the approaches of researchers to understanding the role of accounting in the contracting process of the corporate structure has been conducted. The value of accounting information in reducing contract costs has been determined. It has been substantiated that accounting allows to measure contractual requirements of agents and remuneration, to provide information on contract performance to principals and information on corporate structure activity to potential agents. It has been found that accounting is a part of a set of corporate structure contracts and is the object of negotiation among agents and other parties of contractual relationships. There are two main areas of use of accounting information in the contractual process of the corporate structure in the context of agency problems (concerning managers and borrowers) have been allocated.

Introduction. Corporate governance, as a basis for ensuring the efficient use of corporate resources, can be built on a range of models that have both advantages and disadvantages. Neo-institutional theory, in particular its separate component is agency theory. It is one of the theories that allows to substantiate the reasons for the decline in the quality of implemented corporate governance systems and to formulate ways to improve it, in particular, taking into account the role of accounting in ensuring the effectiveness of their functioning. Purpose. The aim of the article is to monitor essence and peculiarities of manifestation of agency problem in corporate governance and substantiation of place of accounting in its solution. Methods. The range of research methods related to the solution of the agent problem in the corporate governance system is applied. Dialectical method of cognition and the systematic approach to the interpretation of corporate governance, the monographic method for monitoring the positions of scientists in the sphere of solving the agent problem, the abstract and logical method for theoretical generalizations and formulation conclusions are used in the research. Results. The necessity of accounting development in solving the agency problem in corporate management is substantiated. The peculiarities of the development of neo-institutional theory as a theoretical basis of corporate governance are revealed. The necessity to study agency theory as a means of solving problems in corporate governance is substantiated. The essence of agency problem in corporate structures is revealed and the causes of its occurrence are identified. The theoretical principles of agency problem in corporate structures are highlighted. Cases of manifestation of agency problem in corporate structures are analyzed. The basic directions of improvement of the accounting system of the corporate structure with the purpose of minimizing consequences of occurrence of agency problem are highlighted. Discussion. It is advisable to focus on optimizing specific elements of the corporate accounting system in further research in order to avoid agency issues in the corporate governance system.

Introduction. Improving the corporate governance system in modern conditions presupposes ensuring its transparency, which will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of decisions made both by the management of corporate structures and by external stakeholders. It is necessary to determine the components of this category to ensure a high level of corporate transparency, which will form further ways to improve it, in particular, by developing a system of accounting and analytical support for corporate governance. Methods. The author uses dialectical and systematic approaches to study the features and differences of corporate governance and accounting systems; abstract and logical method – for theoretical generalizations and substantiation of ways of improving accounting for corporate needs of enterprises. Results. The absence of a common understanding of the concept of corporate transparency has been determined. Three main options for understanding the importance of transparency in corporate governance and accounting have been identified. The features of understanding of transparency in corporate governance in the context of the stakeholder approach have been revealed. The features of ensuring corporate transparency in the context of the existence of the problem of economic security and confidentiality of information have been highlighted. Information transparency in the corporate structure is defined as a system of relationships and interactions between its stakeholders, which is that the entities generating and disseminating information provide all other interested parties with the necessary information for the management decisions and their further implementation in the necessary form. Discussion. Research prospects consist in certain components of the concept of transparency in corporate governance, used by researchers to substantiate its essence (openness, understandability, quality). Keywords: corporate governance, transparency, accounting principles, quality characteristics of useful financial information.

УДК 657.1 JEL Classification M20, M41 Царук Василь канд. екон. наук, заступник директора з навчальної роботи ВСП «Рівненський коледж Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України» м. Рівне, Україна