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La isquemia del segmento anterior es una complicación seria que puede presentarse después de la cirugía de estrabismo, particularmente después de desinsertar tres o cuatro músculos extraoculares, con la sección de sus respectivas arterias ciliares anteriores. Sin embargo, susceptibilidad individual y una cantidad considerable de factores de riesgo juegan también un papel importante en el desarrollo de esta condición que pone en peligro la vista. Una evaluación minuciosa es fundamental para cada paciente. Por lo tanto, conocer la irrigación del segmento anterior junto con los mecanismos que producen la isquemia de esta región del ojo es de suma importancia para evaluar a los pacientes, para planear y decidir qué procedimiento quirúrgico es el mejor para cada caso en particular, y para prevenir la ocurrencia de esta complicación. La revisión de la anatomía descriptiva y su posterior correlación con el cuadro clínico de esta entidad facilita el entendimiento de la patogénesis de la isquemia y crea conciencia acerca de la necesidad de instituir medidas preventivas. Anterior segment ischemia is a serious complication that may occur after strabismus surgery, particularly after the deinsertion of three or four extraocular muscles, with transection of their anterior ciliary arteries. However, individual susceptibility and a considerable amount of risk factors also play an important role in the development of this condition, which endangers sight. A thorough evaluation is essential for each patient. Therefore, knowing the irrigation of the anterior segment along with the mechanisms that produce ischemia of the eye region is very important to assess patients, plan and decide which surgical procedure is best for each particular case, and to prevent the occurrence of this complication. Review of the descriptive anatomy and its subsequent combination with the clinical picture of this entity facilitates understanding of the pathogenesis of ischemia and raises awareness about the need to institute preventive measures.

Glial heterotopia (GH) is the presence of glial tissue outside the cranial cavity, without communication with the brain. The orbital location usually presents as eyelid swelling, strabismus, and proptosis. This is considered a congenital location that usually presents at birth. Its association with anophthalmia is uncommon. We report the case of a 2-day-old male neonate with left congenital intraorbital lesion presenting with massive proptosis. No eyeball could be seen. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a large and predominantly cystic mass occupying and protruding from the left orbit without intracranial extension. In the operating theatre, a large amount of fluid was aspirated prior to total resection of the mass. Chemical analysis of the fluid was compatible with cerebrospinal fluid. Histologically, the tumor was composed of mature neuroglial tissue and ependymal cells. Despite multiple sections, no choroid plexus or intraocular content was found. The diagnosis of GH with anophthalmia was made.