Interventional radiologic placement of tunneled hemodialysis catheters via the right internal jugular vein showed equal or better long-term results than those reported for surgical placement. Interventional radiologic placement should be the method of choice.

This breath-hold protocol improves the accuracy of aortoiliac inflow assessment, but low resolution limits evaluation of small renal arteries.

Technical success for gastrostomy is higher for FPG and SEG than PEG. Though PEG is the least costly procedure, the difference is modest compared with FPG. For gastrojejunostomy, FPG offers the highest technical success rate and lowest cost. Due to high costs associated with the operating room, SEG should be reserved for those patients undergoing a concurrent surgical procedure.

Silver coating does not confer a benefit against clinical infection or colonization. Interventional radiologic placement of tunneled dialysis catheters yields a low frequency of permanent central venous thrombosis and stenosis.

Preliminary results suggest that iliac artery MR angiography can be improved by complementing standard 2D TOF acquisitions with 3D gadolinium-enhanced acquisitions.