Lychnophora salicifolia (Asteraceae), a native Brazilian medicinal plant used in folk medicine against some diseases, revealed the presence of two known caryophyllene derivatives, in a satisfactory yield: lychnopholic acid 1 and acetyl lychnopholic acid 2. These compounds exhibited antifungal activity by the agar diffusion method, and antibacterial activity by the methods of diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). However, compound 2 was more potent than 1, suggesting that the acetyl group is responsible for antimicrobial activity.

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