Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV)are

Dầu gạo được chiết xuất từ cám gạo, chứa nhiều loại vitamin, giàu acid béo không no và một số chất chống oxy hóa tự nhiên nên có vai trò quan trọng trong giảm cholesterol máu. Dầu gạo là dầu thực vật duy nhất chứa oryzanol, lecithin, squalene, phytosterol, polyphenol, tocopherol, tocotrienols..., vì vậy có giá trị dinh dưỡng cao và tiềm năng thương mại hóa. Nghiên cứu này nhằm khảo sát ảnh hưởng của phân lân đến hàm lượng dầu gạo của mẫu giống lúa địa phương SL5 và LNT1. Trong điều kiện thí nghiệm nền bón 120 kg N/ha và 60 kg K2O/ha khi thay đổi mức bón phân lân từ 0 - 120 kg P2O5/ha cho thấy, phân lân không ảnh hưởng đến các yếu tố cấu thành năng suất và năng suất của hai giống lúa địa phương SL5 và LNT1. Mức bón 90 kg P2O5/ha cho hàm lượng dầu gạo cao nhất, mẫu giống lúa SL5 đạt 24,6% (cao gấp 1,07 lần đối chứng), mẫu giống lúa LNT1 đạt 25,3% (cao hơn công thức đối chứng 1,09 lần). Kết quả nghiên cứu này có ý nghĩa thực tiễn trong canh tác để nâng cao hàm lượng dầu gạo.

Cystatin is the protein inhibitor of cysteine proteinase activity, it roles as a substrate into the active center of cysteine proteinase, that prevents the other substrate proteins go into. In this report, we present the results of isolation, cloning and determination of the cystatin II gene sequence of four local maize samples (SL, LC1, LC2, LC3) and CP888 maize cultivar. The coding region of cystatin II gene isolated from some maize samples had the size of 405 nucleotides, coding 134 amino acids. The comparative results of amino acid sequences of deductive protein of five maize samples and cystatin (code number D38130) in GenBank showed that there were 22 different amino acids, and no difference in the CY region. The cystatin II gene can be used to develop transformation vector for genetic engineering of maize to resist to maize weevil.

Plant defensins are multifunctional proteins, inhibiting the growth of fungal, anti-bacterial, altering membrane channels, inhibiting activity of trypsin and α-amylase. Plant defensin consists of 18 groups in which the group 1 includes  defensins to inhibit either α-amylase enzyme or trypsin. Defensins bind to the active site of α-amylase in the weevil gut, thus inhibit starch digestion in weevils. In this report, we present the results of cloning and determining the ZmDEF1 gene sequence isolated from mRNA and DNA of Sonla province local maize and LVN99 hybrid maize cultivar. The coding region of ZmDEF1 gene isolated from some maize samples had the size of 243 nucleotides, encoding 80 amino acids. Gen ZmDEF1 isolated from DNA had the size 345bp consists of two exons and one in tron (102 bp). The nucleotide sequences of ZmDEF1 gene (DNA) of the samples have 6 positions nucleotide difference, on exon 1 has two points difference (position 43, 53), on intron has a difference (position 150), on exon 2 has 3 nucleotide site difference (203, 263 and 297 position). Deduced amino acid sequences of defensin of the Sonla local maize sample has 8 cysteines to make 4 disulfide bridges, while LVN99 hybrid maize has 7 cysteines, which can formed only 3 disulfide bridges. Transformation vector pBetaPhaso-ZmDEF1 has been designed successfully, in which ZmDEF1 is controlled by seed specific Phasoline promoter. The correct insertion and expression of ZmDEF1 was examinated in transgenic tobacco plants throught PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. These results provide an firm evident for using the designed transformation vector to produce transgenic maỉze lines with an improved resistant ability  to weevils.

Cystatin is the protein inhibitor of cysteine proteinase activity, it roles as a substrate into the active center of cysteine proteinase, that prevents the other substrate proteins go into. In this report, we present the results of isolation, cloning and determination of the cystatin II gene sequence of four local maize samples (SL, LC1, LC2, LC3) and CP888 maize cultivar. The coding region of cystatin II gene isolated from some maize samples had the size of 405 nucleotides, coding 134 amino acids. The comparative results of amino acid sequences of deductive protein of five maize samples and cystatin (code number D38130) in GenBank showed that there were 22 different amino acids, and no difference in the CY region. The cystatin II gene can be used to develop transformation vector for genetic engineering of maize to resist to maize weevil.