Non-ruminantsFull-length research article Non-linear mixed models in the study of growth of naturalized chickens ABSTRACT -This study was conducted to examine the inclusion of random effects in non-linear models, identify the most suitable models, and describe the growth of naturalized chickens. Live-weight records of 166 birds of the Graúna Dourada, Nordestina, and Teresina ecotypes were estimated. The asymptotic weight (A), integration constant, related to animal initial weight (B), and the maturing rate (k) parameters of the non-linear Gompertz, Logistic, and von Bertalanffy models were estimated and adjusted using the Gauss-Newton method. Residual variance decreased by more than 50% when random effects were added to the model. The best fits in the estimate of the growth curve of females were obtained by associating the random effects with the three parameters of the Gompertz and Logistic models. The association of random effects with two parameters (asymptotic weight and maturing rate) and with the three parameters of the Logistic model provided the best fits for the males. The Teresina ecotype has the highest adult weight in both sexes, despite its slower growth. The opposite is true for the Graúna Dourada ecotype, formed by lighter and earliergrowing animals. The inclusion of random effects in models provides greater accuracy in the estimate of the growth curve.

R. Bras. Zootec., 48:e20180271, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1590/rbz4820180271Breeding and genetics Full-length research article Phenotypic diversity between Brazilian fighting cocks and naturalized roostersABSTRACT -The present study was carried out to evaluate the phenotypic diversity between fighting cocks; roosters of the naturalized ecotypes Graúna Dourada, Brejeira, Teresina, and Nordestina; roosters of the Sertaneja genetic (synthetic) group; and family-farmed roosters via descriptive and multivariate analyses. The qualitative traits evaluated by descriptive analysis indicated a prevalence of single comb in the Graúna Dourada, Teresina, Nordestina, and Sertaneja ecotypes, whereas the Brejeira ecotype, fighting cocks, and family-farmed roosters have a pea-type comb, which can be viewed as a sign of introgression of the fighting cock in flocks of the region. Dark plumage prevailed across the groups. The quantitative traits subjected to multivariate analysis by clustering criteria placed the four ecotypes and the synthetic type in a single group, the family-farmed animals were allocated to another group, and, lastly, the fighting cocks were placed in a third group. These results were similar to those generated by principal component analysis, which indicated body length, wingspan, and body weight as the traits of greatest variability to discriminate the different groups. It is important to stress the risk of genetic erosion to which naturalized chicken populations are exposed as a consequence of the introgression of fighting cocks in naturalized-chicken rearing facilities.

A Educação Ambiental (EA) tem potencial para contribuir no enfrentamento da crise ambiental climática, com a criação de estratégias de mitigação e adaptação das causas e efeitos das Mudanças Climáticas (MC). Nesse sentido, objetivou-se analisar a representatividade da produção científica, sob o enfoque bibliométrico, em estudos que envolvam EA e MC. Para tanto, realizou-se análises bibliométricas sobre a quantidade de publicações por periódico, por ano, por idioma, por instituição e classificação dos artigos mais citados. Também, efetuou-se mapeamentos dos resultados encontrados por meio do software VOSviewer sobre: coocorrência de palavras-chave e redes de cooperação entre países, instituições e cocitação de artigos. Observou-se crescimento anual de publicações nos últimos 10 anos, sendo 25,6% do total de publicações feitas em periódicos Qualis A1 em Ciências Ambientais. O idioma predominante foi o inglês em quase 98% dos trabalhos. A concentração das produções ficou com os Estados Unidos (34,5%) e países da Europa (27,8%), no entanto, havendo aumento de estudos e ganhando destaque países como China, África do Sul, Índia e Brasil. Assim sendo, fica evidente o crescimento de estudos sobre EA e MC, mas é importante ampliar as cooperações institucionais, a fim de desenvolver pesquisas interinstitucionais e multinacionais.

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