Background: According to the approaches of emotions in moral judgment, some moral emotions, especially guilt and pride can be considered its primary triggers. It seems that guilt and pride motivate moral judgment, such that the guilt is a moral emotion opposed to pride. Also, the horror stimulates an emotional reaction into the spectator. Objectives:To appreciate the introduction of the new emotive moral test, the present study was designed to validate the emotional moral competence index (EMCI), to identify associations between EMCI and moral emotions, including pride and guilt, and the age of university students.Methods: In this study, 177 students were selected, the participants were chosen fulfilling with differentiated education years, from the first to the fourth university grade. Fifty-seven students were assigned to the first group, 33 students to the second, 52 to the third, and 35 to the fourth group. The participants completed the emotive moral test. The effect inter-subjects of the four groups were examined by the multiple analysis of variance statistical method, and the relationships between EMCI and other sub-indexes were evaluated by correlation analysis. Results:The introduced emotive moral test was a validated instrument of moral judgment. The validation of its EMCI index explicitly showed the inseparable emotive and cognitive relationship through two specific emotions, guilt and pride. Also, guilt was a moral emotion opposed to pride, and pride had a favorable impact on moral judgment. Finally, it indicated that the horror triggered an emotional reaction that inversely related to the spectator's age. Conclusions:The findings indicated that both pride and guilt activate moral judgment. The EMCI was introduced, and its theoretical and empirical validity was shown. The EMCI explicitly demonstrates the inseparable emotive and cognitive relationship through two specific opposed emotions, guilt versus pride. Finally, pride has a favorable impact on moral judgment and the horror triggers an emotional reaction proportional to the habituation.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar la estructura dimensional del Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Asimismo, analizar si la puntuación de las tres subescalas del burnout académico es adecuada en comparación con las interpretaciones de la nota técnica NTP-73 del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo de España. Para detectar y monitorear el burnout es necesario contar con instrumentos de medición válidos, en este caso específicos para el área educativa. Para contribuir a este propósito, se aplicó el instrumento en 84 estudiantes de licenciatura de una universidad de El Bajío mexicano (N = 84; 52 % hombres, 48 % mujeres). Para el análisis de confiabilidad se utilizó el alfa de Cronbach y para la validez factorial se utilizó el índice Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) y la prueba de esfericidad de Barlett. Se obtuvieron alfas de Cronbach de 0.856 para Agotamiento Emocional, 0.851 para Cinismo y 0.717 para Eficacia Académica y 58 % de varianza explicada. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios de un solo grupo probaron el modelo de tres factores para la muestra compuesta, así como para tres muestras independientes. El análisis factorial posterior confirmó las tres dimensiones de Eficacia, Agotamiento Emocional y Cinismo. En conclusión, el análisis factorial apoya la validez en el uso del MBI-SS, y por lo tanto, un instrumento válido para evaluar el agotamiento estudiantil de la región de El Bajío mexicano.
El presente trabajo analiza los problemas que presentan los universitarios en el uso de internet, el empleo de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) y el manejo de la lectura que manifiestan los estudiantes de educación pública superior. La población se integró por 3 106 estudiantes de universidades, 534 de escuelas normales, 576 de tecnológicos descentralizados y 330 de tecnológicos federales. Se utilizó el enfoque de investigación cuantitativo, realizándose una estadística descriptiva y un análisis de varianza ANOVA para determinar las diferencias en la utilización de tecnologías de información y comunicación en la lectura entre los diversos grupos de la población. Se encontró que existen diferencias significativas en el manejo de las TIC en la población analizada, puesto que los estudiantes tienen limitaciones en la lectura impresa y digital.
The affective though and the intuition in moral judgment has been discovered lately (Haidt, 2001). This article analyzes the Moral Judgment theory (Kohlberg, 1964) and the basic logical operations (Piaget, 1950). The rational stages with a few intervention of emotion have been historically assumed by moral judgment theory, which judges the affective as a mistaken notion and as a simple cognitive extension (Greene & Haidt, 2002). This paper demonstrates that the Piagetian basic operations, seriation and categorization are applicable to an affective system. In addition, the intuition is a moral determinant and finally, that neuronal activity confirms an intuitional cognition for the resolution of social problems. It is expected that the present deliberation guides and stimuli researches on the intuition and emotion in moral judgment.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar y confirmar el ajuste de un modelo bifactorial de equilibrio moral emocional (EME) considerando la culpa y el orgullo como factores determinantes. Para la validez del modelo, se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) con 177 participantes, que se ratificó con un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) con 300 personas. En el AFE se encontró una estructura de dos factores correspondientes a la culpa y el orgullo. El AFC validó el ajuste del modelo, el constructo de EME, con dos variables latentes, la culpa y el orgullo, y un total de 12 variables observables.
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