The aim: To find out whether or not the presence of pregnancy loss and preterm birth was associated with the history of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) of women reproductive tract. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study was based on surveillance data. This study included 1,027 fertile women aged 21-50 years admitted to 8 hospitals from 2017-2019 with complaints to pregnancy loss or preterm birth. Definitions HAI of women reproductive tract were used from the CDC/ NHSN. Results: Of 1,027 fertile women with complaints to pregnancy loss or preterm birth, 702 (68.4%) HAIs of reproductive tract were detected. The predominant HAIs were: postpartum endometritis (19.1), bacterial vaginitis (15.8%), chorioamnionitis (11.3%), vaginal cuff infection (9.1%), and parametritis (5.6%). According to the statistical data, a significant association between HAI of women reproductive tract and the history of pregnancy loss (p < 0.05) was determined. The presence of HAI had no effect on the first trimester miscarriage (p > 0.05), but HAI women reproductive tract had strongly affected the second trimester pregnancy losses (p < 0.05). Main causative agents of HAI were Escherichia coli (31.5%), Enterobacter spp. (18.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.5%), Enterococcus faecalis (11.6%),Staphylococcus aureus (10.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.4%). Conclusions: This study identified a significant association between healthcare-associated infection of women reproductive tract and a history of miscarriage. However, there was no association between HAI and a history of preterm birth.

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The idea for this study is based on endothelial-dependent adaptation of hemodynamic circulation in pregnancy. The optimization of the circulatory component of the cardiovascular system (CVS) during pregnancy via blood pressure (BP), especially in physiological pregnancy (PhP), is accompanied by a clear overall increase in systolic characteristics of the pumping function of the heart. This orientation in cardiac output (CO) is unambiguously manifested throughout all three trimesters as with PhP—in a prone and standing position in total according to 24 characteristics out of 24 (P < 0.01), while for gestational endotheliopathy (PaP)—by 18 out of 24 (P < 0.05) clear restructuring of the dynamic organization of the circulatory state according to the anthropophysiological ratio to the hyperkinetic state according to CO in a standing position (type III) was noted with all blood pressure (BP) regimes. If the manifestation of type III under hypotonic, normotonic, and hypertonic regimes in BP was 8, 12, and 6%, respectively, then in the case of PhP, it was 21, 36, and 50%, respectively (P < 0.01), and for PaP, it was 48, 66, and 76% (P < 0.01). Hemodynamically identified heart failure (HF) syndrome, as the earliest preclinical circulatory endothelial-dependent form, is examined as a trigger of formation of perinatal pathology corresponding to preeclampsia.

The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence of healthcare-associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract (vagina, ovaries, uterus) including chorioamnionitis, and antimicrobial resistance of causing pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data. The study population included 3,053 women’s who underwent gynecological surgery or other procedures from 2017 to 2019 in 7 women hospitals in Ukraine. Definitions of healthcare-associated reproductive tract infection were used from the CDC/ NHSN. Results: The prevalence of healthcare-associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract was 26.3%. Incidence of infection was: 13.3% Pelvic abscess or cellulitis, 14.6% Adnexa utery, 9.5% Salpingitis, 7.1% Oophoritis, 12.2% Parametritis, 4.6% Chorioamnionitis, and 38.8% Bacterial Vaginitis. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (25.6%), Enterobacter spp. (11.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.5%), Enterococcus faecalis (7.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%). Methicillin-resistance was observed in 14.3% of S. aureus (MRSA). The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 20.8%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was 24.7% and among K. pneumoniae 11.9%. Resistance to thirdgeneration cephalosporins was observed in 12.8% E.coli and 9.2% K. pneumoniae isolates. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 8.5% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Conclusions: Healthcare associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract in Ukraine is a common occurrence and many cases are caused by pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics.

Feeding «feed mixture STO HA» piglets had a positive impact on their resistance and performance in the early postnatal period and the first week after weaning. Research has established that the content of total protein in pigs 4 day age 2nd and 3rd groups did not significantly different from the control group, while their peers from the 4th group born from sows that received «feed mixture STO HA» specified an indicator was higher by 2.8%. The level of total protein in piglet 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th groups of 16-day age was higher by 5.8, 6.2, 8.8% (P < 0.05), respectively, in the control group, the 40th day age – significantly (P < 0.05) higher than same indicator 9.9, 8.6, 9.6% respectively. The difference in levels of immunoglobulin A in pigs receiving «feed mixture STO HA» (2nd and 4th groups) in 16 aged and performance of piglets 1st (control) group was 54.5 – 81.8% and was statistically significant (P < 0.05 – P < 0.01). The 28-day age and concentration of Ig A serum pigs 2nd and 4th groups significantly exceeded by 72.2 and 77.7% rate in the control group, the 40th day age at 60.6 and 54,5%, respectively (P < 0.05). The bactericidal activity of blood serum piglets 40 days old all research groups significantly (P < 0.05 – P < 0.01) greater than 15.9, 11.3, 14.8% performance of their peers in the control group. Lysozyme activity of blood serum pigs 2nd, 3rd, 4th groups and 28 days old dominated his peers likely group 1 15.3, 11.7, 15.6% in the 40-day age – to 19.0; 16.7; 19.8% respectively. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in pigs 4 days old 4th group born from sows that received «feed mixture STO HA» was higher by 5.7, 9.5, 10.4% compared to piglets 1 – 3rd groups. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes pigs 2nd, 3rd, 4th groups 16 days old and has been above 18.3 (P < 0.05); 11.5; 16.8% (P < 0.05), respectively group 1, the 28-day age – 17.4 (P < 0.05); 12.9 (P < 0.05); 15.2%. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in piglets 40th age of daily study groups was significantly (P < 0.05) higher respectively pigs in the control group. The difference between the performance of piglets second and the first group was 20.5%, the first and third – 16.0%, fourth and first – 18.6%. The intensity of phagocytosis (FI) in pigs 16-day age 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th group was significantly higher at 16.5 (P <0.05), 12.9, 22.4% (P < 0.01), the 40th day age – to 23.6, 20.1, 21.3%, respectively (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) compared with the control group. The average daily gain  of the piglets 4th group of from 31 th to 40 th day of life superior piglets of group 1 to 58.3%, and body weight in 40-day age – 15.5% (P < 0.01).