This study investigates the features of the development of the discriminant model of diagnostics of the socio-economic potential of health insurance, and the trends in the medical insurance system development in Ukraine. This study uses logistic, statistical and normative methods to assess of the socio-economic potential of health insurance in Ukraine from 2010 to 2017. The empirical result shows that the block assessment of the financial potential of health insurance gives the complete information on the dynamics of individual indicators and trends of the branch. The need for assessment of the socio-economic potential of health insurance in order to improve the efficiency of the public financial management of the health care finance system and the insurance market regulation has been justified.