Due to advances in technology, research in healthcare using a cyber-physical system (CPS) opens innovative dimensions of services. In this paper, the authors propose an energy- and service-level agreement (SLA)-efficient cyber physical system for E-healthcare during data transmission services. Furthermore, the proposed phenomenon will be enhanced to ensure the security by detecting and eliminating the malicious devices/nodes involved during the communication process through advances in the ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol. The proposed framework addresses the two security threats, such as grey and black holes, that severely affect network services. Furthermore, the proposed framework used to find the different network metrics such as average qualifying service set (QSS) paths, mean hop and energy efficiency of the quickest path. The framework is simulated by calculating the above metrics in mutual cases i.e., without the contribution of malevolent nodes and with the contribution of malevolent nodes over service time, hop count and energy constraints. Further, variation of SLA and energy shows their expediency in the selection of efficient network metrics.

Renewable energy resources are gaining a lot of popularity. Several researchers have worked on the tracking and extraction of energy from these sources. In the past few decades, among the available green energy resources, wind energy has been the most attractive option among the resources available. It is imperative to use the maximum power available in the wind to achieve the wind turbine (WT) operation at maximum power. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are a pioneer in this context. Many research papers are contributed in this domain which necessitates a thorough review while choosing an appropriate technique. This paper comprehensively focuses on reviewing different algorithms in the past and present for tracking maximum power point, and capturing maximized output power from the wind energy conversion system (WECS). In this paper, the algorithms are classified based on the direct and indirect power measurement, hybrid and smart algorithms for tracking maximum power point, and they are compared, considering the parameters like complexity, convergence speed, use of sensors, memory requirement, need for knowledge of system parameters, etc. The immense popularity of the different versions of perturb and observe (P&O) based algorithms due to their various features is evident from the literature. The review reveals that the hybrid maximum power point tracking algorithms can use the advantages of the conventional methods and eliminate their drawbacks.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract