The current situation in Ukrainian coastal regions highlights the need for interaction between different types of transport to secure import and export demands. This is especially topical due to the risks presented by the Russo-Ukrainian armed conflict and the prospects of the future reconstruction of Ukraine. The current policy documents of long-term planning in the maritime sphere require a greater focus on the interests and needs of coastal regions. There should be specific norms for the synergy of the sea and inland water transport and different types of land transport within maritime regions. Building a comprehensive approach to foster the development of coastal regions necessitates the harmonization of varying program documents. The experience of marine and inland water transport during wartime, the shift of shipping from seaports to ports combining sea and river directions which occurred over five months during 2022, and the renewal of regional transport cooperation indicate the formation of a new integrated approach to coastal regions; one which demands updated regulation and long-term strategic planning.

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The article investigates the expediency of checking the psychological readiness of a person to independently engage in the practice of law at the stage of access to the profession, as a guarantee of compliance with the high ethical principles of the profession in the future. In this context, the problematic aspects of the procedure for obtaining the status of an attorney are investigated and directions for its improvement are proposed. The article argues for the need to check the psychological and moral and ethical qualities of a person who has expressed a desire to practice law. Special attention is paid to the issue of improving the procedure for qualification assessment of persons applying for the status of an attorney, with the possibility of identifying the psychological and moral and ethical qualities of applicants. The problem of the legislative lack of a mechanism for checking the individual psychological qualities of people who intend to become an attorney is pointed out, which would indicate their professional and psychological readiness to practice law. Suggestions are made to eliminate the problem by improving the norms of the current legislation on the bar and advocacy using positive foreign experience.Keywords: attorney, obtaining the status of an attorney, acquisition of right to practice law, professional and psychological potential, legal activity, moral and ethical qualities of a person.

The article examines international means of protecting the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen in Ukraine. The analyzed Ukrainian experience confirms that the degree of protection of human rights and freedoms in any state today depends not only on the level and efficiency of the national judicial system, but also on integration into the international system of protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms. Ukraine takes an active part in international relations, concludes treaties and agreements and further ratifies them. International normative treaties occupy a special place in the legal system of every state. Therefore, such a principle as implementation into the national legal system of ratified conventions and international treaties is one of the most important principles of human rights protection. It is emphasized that the problem of protecting human rights and basic freedoms goes far beyond the borders of one state. It is human rights that are currently the most common factor in the interaction of national legal systems, as they contribute to the integration of the global and regional legal space. It is noted that according to the Constitution of Ukraine, the function of protecting human rights and freedoms is entrusted to the President of Ukraine (as the guarantor of human rights), the Constitutional Court of Ukraine (the main judicial body for the protection of the rights of Ukrainian citizens) and the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada for Human Rights in Ukraine. In Art. 9 of the Constitution of Ukraine recognizes the priority of the principles and norms of international law and their belonging to the legal system of Ukraine, everyone is guaranteed the right to appeal to international bodies for the protection of rights and freedoms, if all available domestic means of legal protection have been exhausted. The mechanisms of universal cooperation and control include primarily the UN, one of the goals of which is international cooperation to solve international problems of an economic, social, cultural and humanitarian nature, as well as the promotion and development of respect for human rights and basic freedoms of all, regardless of race, gender, language and religion.