The purpose of the article is to identify problems in the operation of the enterprise and ensure its economic security; formation of a financial risk management system as an important component of economic security of the enterprise. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific and specific methods, in particular: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, modeling, systematization and generalization. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the substantiated essence of the main dangers and threats, the nature of their impact on the economic security of the enterprise and the need to identify them to economic security. Conclusions. It is established that the structural composition of the economic security system is formed by domestic and non-industrial components. Many nonproduction components of economic security of enterprises are provided, which include market and information. The main components of economic security of enterprises are generalized and their essence is determined, the services responsible for them are specified. A group of principles for building a system of economic security of enterprises: legality, systematic construction, economic feasibility, efficiency of management decisions, efficiency, cost optimization, validity, complexity, balance, timeliness, continuity, continuous monitoring, activity, coordination and interaction, centralization, integration, direction on strategic goals, objectivity, efficiency and dynamism, variability, adequacy of response, adaptability, flexibility of management, development and improvement, incentives and responsibilities. Key words: enterprise, economic security, economic security system of the enterprise, external and internal threats, national security