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Vaginal foreign bodies can cause long haul, foul-smelling vaginal discharge and vaginal bleeding and are typically found in female youngsters while looking into vaginitis and urinary tract diseases. There are many causes for vaginal discharges. Among them, vaginal foreign bodies are uncommon but not a very rare presentation. We had a case of a 49-year-old female, a widow, with para 2 living 2 and a history of menopause since three years; she was referred from a district hospital with a diagnosis of carcinoma of the cervix and was later found to have a foreign body, which was removed surgically through the vagina. A foreign body in the vagina is usually seen in children than in adults. Foreign bodies are inserted vaginally for treatment purposes, contraception, induced abortion, and sexual stimulation in adults. Here, we report a case of retained vaginal foreign body with vaginal fibrosis.

This is a hospital-based observational study to estimate the prevalence of abnormal semen parameters in the northeast part of India and the effect of aging, lifestyle, and habits associated with it. Methodology- This study was conducted among the male partner of the infertile couple who attended our infertility clinic from Jan 2019 to July 2021. After written consent semen samples were collected and analyzed in our andrology lab based on the 2010 WHO recommendation. For each male partner two consecutive sample collected one month apart and the study result was mean of two sample analysis. Result of seminal analysis,.age, lifestyle, habits, and occupational exposure associated with different semen parameters were collected and analyzed by using SPSS Software version 22, with unpaired T test and Logistic regression analysis. RESULT In this study 14.8% males had oligospermia, 14.2% had Semen volume < 1.5ml,51..8% had total motility less than 50% ,(62.2%) had progressive motility less than 32%.and23.3.% had normal morphology < 4% and 25.6% had vitality < 58% .Semen volume was reduced in the age group more than 40 years (P value 0.000 ExpB 2.6) and with smoking (ExpB1.99). Sperm count was significantly less in the age group > 40years and with smokers( P VALUE-0.000,.0.012)Reduction in BMI increases sperm concentration. Smoking affects the total motility of sperms (ExpB 1.873). Progressive motility was affected by smoking and alcohol ( P value 0.000,0.000 ExpB 2.19,2.02). Vitality was affected by smoking, alcohol, and increased BMI (p-value 0.010,0.041, 0.000, ExpB 1.27.1.3,1.1). Morphology was affected by smoking, alcohol, (p-value − 0.00, 0.000, ExpB 1.57, 1.13) and with exposure to pesticide Conclusion– Increased age above forty affect semen volume, and sperm count. Increased BMI negatively associated with sperm count, vitality ,and morphology. Alcohol intake affects progressive motility,vitality and morphology.Smoking affect all parameter of semen,and exposure to pesticide increases abnonrmal morphology

Hydranencephaly (HE) is a rare condition occurring in <1/10,000 births worldwide. It is one of the recognized forms of brain malformations that are usually associated with intrauterine fetal demise rarely seen in postnatal life. HE can often be misdiagnosed due to certain common features with other neurological abnormalities such as hydrocephalus, holoprosencephaly, and porencephaly. Here, we report the case of a 26-year-old pregnant patient at 34 weeks who was referred with ultrasonography finding of HE which was confirmed by fetal MRI. The decision to deliver the baby was taken expecting an extremely poor outcome after discussing with the family.

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