Though breast carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, adequate knowledge of this disease is still very poor. Pure primary squamous cell carcinoma of breast is one such mystery, which is encountered very rarely. Its clinical behavior should not be correlated with the standard infiltrating duct carcinoma of breast. It follows an atypical presentation in terms of tumor size, lymph node and systemic spread. It is generally a triple negative tumor with an aggressive behavior and resistance to standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Management decisions need to be individualized with emphasis toward platinum-based chemotherapy and targeted therapy.
Background: Cancer patients face a number of problems, among those pain and fatigue are the most common. To manage pain and fatigue among cancer patients, studies now a days are even focusing on use of non-pharmacological/ non invasive methods as exercises, imagery etc. But studies on effect of progressive muscle relaxation (P.M.R) exercises on pain and fatigue among admitted patients are scarce.
Transdiaphragmatic approach to the pericardium through a subxiphoid incision is a safe, rapid, and effective way to obtain drainage of the pericardium fluid in patient of disseminated malignancy with recurrent cardiac tamponade. No drainage tubes are needed; pericardial fluid is absorbed by the peritoneum; there is no need for double lumen tubes for single lung ventilation and the subxiphoid incisions are small and almost painless.
Presence of granuloma in Hodgkin lymphoma is a common finding which is often a source of diagnostic confusion.There is no clearly defined strategy to approach this dual pathology. The present case describes a diagnostic approach using modalities like immunohistochemistry and Catridge based nucleic acid amplification test that helped reach to most likely cause of granuloma with underlying Hodgkin lymphoma.
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