A 45-year-old female presented in the Department of Medicine, Narayana Medical college with right sided chest pain since 6 months, associated with paroxysmal attacks of dry cough and fever since 2 months. She also had one episode of haemoptysis. Clinical examination revealed a moderately nourished middle aged female with stable vitals. Auscultation of chest revealed decreased air entry in right interscapular and infrascapular area. Ultrasound examination of chest revealed a heterogeneous lesion in right lower hemithorax and mild right pleural effusion. CT examination of thorax showed a large well defined multiloculated, spherical cystic lesion involving the anterior segment of right upper lobe, right middle lobe, anterior basal, medial basal and lateral basal segment of right lower lobe. A clinical diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid cyst was made. Pulmonary function tests, showed moderate restriction. Routine haematological and abdominal sonography was within normal limits. Sputum examination was negative for malignant cells. Peroperatively the lesion was confined to mediastinum. Right posterolateral thoracotomy and right middle lobectomy was done because of associated atelectasis. Six months postsurgery patient had no significant complaints. Pathology Section Mature Mediastinal TeratomaKeywords: Ectoderm, Endoderm, Mature teratoma, Mediastinum, Mesoderm ChiKKa NaraSimhaiah aNuShree 1 , ViSSa ShaNti 2 aBstRaCt A teratoma is a tumour with tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of more than one germ layer. We present a case of mediastinal mature teratoma as they have a low incidence rate. A 45-year-old female presented with right sided chest pain and paroxysmal attacks of dry cough and fever. A diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid cyst was made on computed tomography (CT) examination. Microscopic study revealed a tumour composed of elements from all the three germ layers. A diagnosis of mature mediastinal teratoma was made which is the second common site for germ cell tumours.

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