The microbiological activity of soils is one of the factors of soil formation, because it processes a much larger amount of mineral and organic components compared to plants. The paper shows the change in the composition of microflora in different types of soils with their excessive moisture. Under these conditions, the content of fungal microflora, the content of microorganisms developing on the medium of MPA, CAA increased. Keywords: SOIL, ANAEROBIOSIS, EXCESSIVE MOISTURE, MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, HUMUS STATE

The sod-podzolic soils of the suburban area of the Moscow region are characterized by a sufficiently high fertility, but are subject to contamination with heavy metals, pathogenic microorganisms, as well as the influence of the processes of gluing, which affects their fertility. The sod-podzolic soils were studied, automorphic and of varying degrees of gleization, as well as the soils of the forest area. The cultivation of the soils of the suburban area affects their acid-base state, the content and distribution of mobile forms of macro- and microelements along the soil profile. The biological activity of the geophysical fields of these soils is shown. A decrease in soil fertility was found when they were peeled, which correlates with the information and energy fields of these horizons. Keywords: SOIL, FERTILITY, ECOLOGY, INFORMATION AND ENERGY FIELDS, BIOTESTS

The humus state of soils significantly affects their acid-base state, taking into account the pKa, its functional groups and their quantity. The development of the sod soil-forming process in sod-podzolic soils, due to the vertical transfer of Ca, Md, K from horizons B and BC to Ap, with an increase in the intensity of biochemical weathering, led to the neutralization of acidity in the Ap horizon. It has been established that the organic matter of soils has a much larger capacity than the mineral part of soils. It is shown that in the process of excessive moistening of sod-podzolic soils of different degrees of cultivation, the Eh value changes in them in different ways: a greater drop in Eh (DEh/Δt) from -3.3 - in cultivated soil to -5.6 mv/day – in cultivated and with a decrease in Eh in cultivated soil to 235 mv, in cultivated sod-podzolic soil – up to 127 mv. Keywords: HUMUS, SOIL ACIDITY, REDOX STATE, SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL