Strong activity against the bacteria Paenibacillus larvae ATCC9545, the causative agent of the American Foulbrood disease of honey bees.

Social insects establish complex interactions with microorganisms, some of which play defensive roles in colony protection. The important role of pollinators such as the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris in nature encouraged us to pursue efforts to study its associated microbiota. Here we describe the discovery of two novel cyclic hexadepsipeptides, meliponamycin A (1) and meliponamycin B (2), from Streptomyces sp. ICBG1318 isolated from M. scutellaris nurse bees. Their structures were established by interpretation of NMR and MS data, and the absolute configuration of the constituent amino acids was determined by the advanced Marfey's method. Compounds 1 and 2 showed strong activity against the entomopathogen Paenibacillus larvae and human pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Leishmania infantum. Actinobacteria were recovered from M. scutellaris bees.Micromonospora sp. ICBG1321 and Streptomyces sp. ICBG1323 produced several anthracyclines and lobophorins, respectively, some of them with strong inhibitory activity against P. larvae. 17 Streptomyces sp. ICBG1318 was isolated from the cuticle of M. scutellaris nurse bees and showed activity against P. larvae in antagonistic assays. 17 Here we describe the isolation, structural

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LOURENZON, V. B. Biosynthetic studies of bioactive macrolactone polyketide from Streptomyces sp. ICBG311. 2021. 69f. Dissertation (Master).