Smart grids will deeply change the way energy is delivered, from generation to consumers. In this new model, the amount of devices controlled and monitored dramatically rises allowing a more automated, smart, and efficient system. To ensure these goals, a network of highly secure communications, reliable, and that provides low delays is necessary so the monitoring and control of the grid can be performed correctly. However, the same interconnected system that transforms the old grid in a smart grid also brings new challenges to this scenario, such as security and reliability. Thus, the central focus of this chapter is the discussion of these challenges. We will discuss the key concepts related to smart grid, focusing on vulnerabilities and attacks that such network may suffer. Solutions and recommendations on key security challenges will also be addressed. ResumoA rede elétrica inteligente traz propostas que mudam de forma profunda a maneira como a energia é provida desde a geração até os consumidores finais. No novo modelo, a quantidade de dispositivos controlados e monitorados aumenta demasiadamente compreendendo inclusive o consumidor final, permitindo um sistema mais automatizado, inteligente e eficaz. Para tanto, será necessária uma rede de comunicação altamente segura, confiável e com baixos retardos, de forma que o monitoramento e o controle da rede elétrica possam ser realizados. No entanto, o mesmo sistema interconectado que torna a rede elétrica mais inteligente também traz novos desafios para este cenário, como segurança e confiabilidade. Assim, o foco central deste capítulo é a discussão sobre esses desafios. Serão abordados os principais conceitos relacionados a smart grid, com foco nas vulnerabilidades e ataques que esse tipo de rede pode sofrer. As soluções e recomendações relativas aos principais desafios de segurança também serão abordadas.
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