BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Parsonage Turner Syndrome (PTS) is rare, with an incidence of 2 to 3 cases per 100,000 individuals per year. It's accompanied by intense, self-limiting pain, disappearing after weeks, followed by muscle weakness. The aim of the present study was to describe the musculoskeletal changes, muscle variations, and the pain scenario affected by the syndrome. METHODS: Integrative review performed in the LILACS, Scielo and Pubmed databases. The inclusion criteria established were case studies, case series, clinical trials and cohort studies in Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, published between 2010 and 2020, which addressed the muscle changes and pain caused by PTS. RESULTS: Seven scientific articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed, with a total sample of 183 patients aged between 7 and 65 years. CONCLUSION: Generally, patients present alterations of the posterior interosseous nerves, anterior interosseous, axillary, long thoracic and suprascapular, muscular atrophy of the deltoid, supraspinal and infraspinal regions, with pain lasting an average of 15 days in the shoulder and scapular regions.