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In this paper, we present a matrix decomposition-based approach for image cryptography. The proposed method consists of decomposing the image into different component and scrambling the components to form the image encryption technique. We use two different type of matrix decomposition techniques to check the efficiency of proposed encryption method. The decomposition techniques used are Independent component analysis (ICA) and Non-Negative Matrix factorization (NMF). The proposed technique has unique user defined parameters (key) such as decomposition method, number of decomposition components and order in which the components are arranged. The unique encryption technique is designed on the basis of these key parameters. The original image can be reconstructed at the decryption end only if the selected parameters are known to the user. The design examples for both decomposition approaches are presented for illustration purpose. We analyze the complexity and encryption time of cryptography system. Results prove that the proposed scheme is more secure as it has less correlation between the input image and the encrypted version of the same as compared to state-of-art methods. The computation time of the proposed approach is found to be comparable.

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