The scope of this study is the management of insects that carry the cause of banana blood disease (BBD), Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV. The objectives of this study are: (1) to study the diversity and density of visitor insect populations to the Kepok banana flower, and (2) to identify insects in the Kepok banana flower that act as carriers of R. solanacearum Phylotype IV, and the population density of these bacteria was carried by each insect. Sampling of banana plantations is done based on pusposive sampling method. Insect collection uses a modified insect net, and insect collection uses modified insect nets, and insects were morphologically identified. This bacterial isolation was carried out based on the spread method on NA + TZC media. Inoculation of bacterial isolates was carried out by injection method on the tip of an mature Kepok banana. Density of insects visitors banana flower per tree in South Minahasa and Minahasa regencies are as follows: Oscinella sp. (15.50 and 18.08 individuals), Aphis mellifera (0.50 and 1.58), Chelisoches morio (0.28 and 0.20 individuals, and Dolichoderus sp. (1.44 and 6.21 individuals). All insects on the Kepok banana flower in South Minahasa and Minahasa carry Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV. Oscinella sp., Aphis mellifera, Chelisoches morio, and Dolichoderus sp. in both districts it brought 17,636.39 and 75,533.33 CFU / ml, 15,666.67 and 17,400.00 CFU / ml, 113.33 and 2,667.67 CFU / ml, and 2,400.00 CFU / ml and 21,133.33 CFU / ml.

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The scope of this study is the management of insects that carry Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV (the cause of banana blood disease). The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify insects in Kepok banana flowers, and (2) to identify insects in Kepok banana flowers that act as carriers of R. solanacearum Phylotype IV, and the population density of these bacteria is carried by each insect. The sampling of banana plantations was carried out based on pusposive sampling method. Insect collection uses modified insect nets, and insect collection uses modified insect nets, and insects are morphologically identified. This bacterial isolation was carried out based on the cup pour method on NA + TZC media. Inoculation of bacterial isolates was carried out by injection method on the tip of the old Kepok banana. The insect species of visitors to the banana flower in South Minahasa District were Oscinella sp., Aphis mellifera, Chelisoches morio, and Dolichoderus sp. All species of visitors to the Kepok banana flower in South Minahasa carry Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV. Oscinella sp., A.mellifera, C.morio, and Dolichoderus sp. each carrying 17,636.39, 15,666.67, 113.33, and 2,400.00 CFU mL.

Lemongrass and cinnamon plant are known holding active compounds that can be used as raw materials of plant pesticides. It is related with their ability to kill, extrude, and prevent the pest insects from feeding, including rice ear bug Leptocorisa oratorius, one of the dangerous and uncontrollable padi plant pests. This study was aimed at finding the best formula of lemongrass and cinnamon-based plant pesticide formulation to control rice ear bug L. oratorius, to know the killing ability, and to do the pathogenicity test. It was carried out in a greenhouse of Pest and Disease Department, Faculty of Agriculture, UNSRAT, Manado, in March to September 2018. The treatments consisted of mixed lemongrass and cinnamon at concentrations of 2 cc/L, 4 cc/L, 6 cc/L, 8 cc/L, 10 cc/L, and control. Parameters observed were nymph mortalities at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after application. The treatments were administered by spraying the insect, the plant, and the insect on the plant. Results showed that spraying the insect with rice ear bug pesticide could result in 36.7 -86.7% of mortality and with cinnamon pesticide could kill 56.7 -93.3%, spraying the plant with rice ear bug and cinnamon pesticides could cause 3.3 -36.7% and 6.7 -40% of mortality, respectively, while spraying the insect on the plant could make 60 -100% of mortality using rice ear bug pesticide and 70 -100% of mortality using cinnamon pesticide at 12 and 72 hours after the application.

This study aims to determine the effect of M. rileyi F. fungus with various concentrations on the mortality of C. pavonana F. pests on cabbage plants in the laboratory and to find out how the effect of M. rileyi F. fungus on C. pavonana F. pests. This research was conducted from September to November 2020, at the BPTPH Laboratory (Center for the Protection of Food Crops and Horticulture) and the method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consisted of five treatments namely Control (A), 109 ( B), 108 (C), 107 (D), and 106 (E) and each treatment was repeated three times. The collection of C. pavonana F. larvae was carried out on cabbage plantations in Tomohon City. The larvae used as research test materials are third instar larvae. The results of the data obtained in the study were analyzed using analysis of variance and if the treatment showed a significant effect, it would be continued with the Least Significant Difference (BNT) test. The results of the study, M. rileyi F. proved effective to kill C. pavonana F. larvae from several treatments with different concentrations found the average with the highest value at treatment concentration of 109 was 54.28%. While the lower values, respectively, were found in the treatment concentrations of 108 , 107 , and 106 with values of 35.23%, 27.61%, 21.90% respectively. Keywords:   Control; Fungus; Cabbage Plant; Pest; Metarhizium rileyiAbstrakPenelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai November 2020, bertempat di Laboratorium BPTPH (Balai Perlindugan Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura) dan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan yakni Kontrol (A), 109 (B), 108 (C), 107 (D), dan 106 (E). dan masing-masing perlakuan diulangi sebanyak tiga kali. Pengambilan larva C. pavonana F. dilakukan pada lahan pertanaman kubis di Kota Tomohon. Larva yang digunakan sebagai bahan uji penelitian merupakan larva instar tiga. Hasil dari data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam dan apabila perlakuan menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata akan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil dari penelitian, jamur M. rileyi F. terbukti efektif untuk membunuh larva C. pavonana F. dari beberapa perlakuan dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda ditemukan rataan dengan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan konsentrasi 109 sebesar 54,28%. Sedangkan nilai yang lebih rendah secara berurutan terdapat pada perlakuan konsentrasi 108 , 107 , dan 106 yakni dengan nilai masing – masing sebesar 35,23%, 27,61%, 21,90%.Kata Kunci: Pengendalian; Jamur; Tanaman Kubis;  Hama; Metarhizium rileyi