Long-distance commuting (LDC) as a strategy of labor factor mobility has become relevant in recent decades, mainly in those economies characterized by a significant relative weight of extractive activities. The phenomenon is key to understanding the current structure and dynamics of these labor markets, although little is known about self-selection in LDC. This document addresses this knowledge gap by analyzing the case of Chile using functional areas. Chile is a country where LDC has become the principal strategy of labor mobility and is closely linked to the mining and construction sectors. The results obtained show a pattern of negative selfselection, meaning that it is the least qualified who have the highest probability of commuting between functional areas. Commuting could therefore be more than just a mechanism for accessing qualified labor, allowing less qualified individuals access job opportunities when the labor market where they come from is more qualified.
Esta investigación analiza el impacto del Bono de Desarrollo Humano (BDH) sobre la inserción escolar, utilizando un diseño de Regresión Discontinua sobre los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo, Desempleo y Subempleo (ENEMDU) de diciembre de 2009. Los resultados indican que no hay efecto del BDH sobre la inserción escolar, considerando la asistencia a primaria y secundaria, y también la asistencia escolar global. Una posible explicación para estos hallazgos es el débil o nulo seguimiento y monitoreo del cumplimiento de la contraparte de los hogares beneficiarios de enviar a los niños a instituciones educativas. Se evidencia además, la necesidad e importancia de realizar evaluaciones de impacto periódicas en este tipo de programas sociales, para dar cuenta de los efectos en el mediano y largo plazo, así como, para mejorar su implementación, monitoreo y focalización.
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