A field trial was conducted on an acid pseudogley soil during the 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 growing seasons to evaluate grain yield and its components in four triticale cultivars ('Favorit', 'Tango',. The highest values of grain yield, 1,000-grain weight, number of grains per spike, spike length and plant height in all cultivars were obtained in the year characterised by moderate temperatures during grain filling and high amounts of rainfall in the second part of the growing season. 'Favorit' gave the highest grain yield, the largest number of grains per spike, the lowest 1,000-grain weight and the smallest plant height. The highest 1,000-grain weight and the lowest number of grains per spike were found in 'Tango'. 'KG-20' had the greatest plant height and the lowest average grain yield during the three experimental years, with the lowest grain yield achieved in the driest year, and the highest in the wettest year. 'Odisej' exhibited a high grain yield, fewer grains per spike, and the lowest grain weight per spike compared to the other cultivars.

Kosovo and Metohija, Serbia Stupar V., A. Paunović, M. Madić, D. Knežević (2017): Influence of genotype and nitrogen nutrition on grain size variability in spring malting barley.-Genetika, Vol 49, No.3, 1095-1104.Grain size is an important quality parameter of malting barley, which depends on genotypes, environmental factors and their interactions. Also, grain size is governed by the efficiency of assimilation and translocation of mineral nutrients (mainly nitrogen) during grain endosperm development, which affects grain yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate variability in the percentage of three different grain size classes: class I (thickness 2.5 mm), class II (2.2-2.5 mm) and class III (<2.2 mm) in spring malting barley genotypes ('Novosadski 448', 'Novosadski 456', 'Dunavac' and 'Jadran'). The experiment was conducted during three years (2012-2014) in a randomized complete block design with three replications at different rates of nitrogen fertilization (N1=45, N2=75, N3=105 and N4=135 kg ha -1 ). The presence of different grain sizes in barley cultivars in all N fertilization treatments after harvest was 1096 GENETIKA, Vol. 49, No3, 1095-1104, 2017 investigated. The proportion of the three grain classes was dependent upon year, cultivar and nitrogen fertilization rate. The highest percentage of class I grains was recorded in 'Novosadski 456', and that of class II and class III grains in 'Dunavac'. The percentage of class I grains increased significantly with increasing nitrogen rates up to 75 kg ha -1 , stagnated at 105 kg ha -1 , and decreased significantly as the nitrogen level was further increased to 135 kg ha -1 . Class II and class III grain contents decreased at nitrogen rates up to 105 kg ha -1 , but increased significantly at 135 kg ha -1 . The best response to favorable environmental conditions and the highest percentage of class I grain in all years were recorded in 'Novosadski 456'. The most favorable effect on grain size in the studied spring malting barley genotypes was exhibited by the nitrogen rate of 75 kg ha -1 .

Production traits and grain quality of spring malting barley as the major raw material in malt and beer production were evaluated over a period of three years (2012)(2013)(2014) in the region of Požarevac, Serbia. Four cultivars of two-rowed spring barley released in the Republic of Serbia ('Novosadski 448', 'Novosadski 456', 'Dunavac' and 'Jadran') were used. The objective of this research was to assess variability in grain yield and yield components in genetically divergent cultivars of two-rowed spring barley grown at different nitrogen application rates, as dependent on precipitation and air temperature during the growing season. The results showed significant variations in grain yield, yield components and grain protein content across genotypes (G), N application rates (N) and experimental years (E). Significant interdependence was found between grain yield and yield components. Increasing the N application rate up to 135 kg/ha had a positive effect on grain yield, plant height, number of spikes per unit area, spike length and grain protein content. Number of grains per spike and 1,000-kernel weight increased significantly at N application rates up to 105 kg/ha and 75 kg/ha, respectively.

Soil analysis provides information about the quality of the soil and the input of nutrients that are needed to make the soil better and obtain a high crop yield. The research in this paper included the analysis of fertility parametars of soil in wider territory of the Požarevac city during 2017 and 2022 year. Soil analysis shows that average soil acidity, i.e. its pH value of the aqueous soil solution (pH – H2O), in 2022 was reduced by 0.28 compared to 2017. On other hand, the substitution acidity (pH – KCl) was reduced by 0.49 after 5 years. The results for CaCO3 show that the soils are generally carbonate-free or weakly carbonated , well supplied with humus and the percentage of contetnt of N decreased by 21.91% in the five-year period. Low content of easily accessible phosphorus was identified in both year in over 50 percentage of the soil samples while mostly soil samples are well supplied with easily accessible potassium.

Agronomic management and environment affect malting barley yield and quality. The objective of this study was to determine optimum agronomic practices (cultivar, fertilization, and seeding rate) for yield and quality of malting barley. A study was conducted during 2012–2014 in the region of Požarevac, southeastern Serbia, to evaluate the weather-dependent effect of seeding rate (S1=350, S2=450 and S3=550 seeds m–2) and nitrogen fertilization rate (N1=45, N2=75, N3=95 and N4=135 kg N ha–1) on the yield and quality of spring malting barley cultivars ('Novosadski 448', 'Novosadski 456', 'Dunavac' and 'Jadran'). Increasing seeding rate had a significantly negative effect on the quality, whereas the effect on yield was dependent upon weather during the growing season. Grain yield and grain protein content significantly increased with an increase in nitrogen rate up to 135 kg N ha–1. The optimum nitrogen rate for the average thousand-kernel weight and percentage of kernels ≥ 2.5 mm in all years was 75 kg N ha–1, and for test weight 105 kg N ha–1. Germinative energy depended on genotype and weather conditions, whereas seeding and nitrogen rates had a significant effect only during the first year. Results indicated that seeding rates above 350 seeds m–2 and nitrogen rates above 75 kg N ha–1 led to substantial grain quality deterioration in barley cultivars. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers