In Western Siberia, the problem of obtaining full-fledged sprouts of cereal crops is due to hydrothermal conditions in the period of sowing-shoots, pests and diseases, and agronomical methods of sowing. In case of the direct sowing of cereal crops, the most common types of working organs of sowing machines are the V-sharped coulter, chisel and disc. The effectiveness of their use in the dry steppe of the Altai Territory has been poorly studied. To establish the most effective seed coulter in 26 farms in the dry part of the region, the studies were carried out from 2005 to 2012 on seeders with double disc coulters, with V-sharped coulters of domestic and foreign production, and with chisel-type coulters. The years of research (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) were characterized by a moisture supply below the average (vegetation rainfall was 80% of the norm), and in 2012 -as an acute drought (40% of the norm). The most effective seeders in the cultivation of spring wheat in the dry steppe are seeders equipped with chisel-type coulters. They allow better preservation of soil moisture (by 17-28 mm to control) during the sowing period, improving the quality of crops, field germinating by 4.8 -12.0%, and increasing the yield of wheat. In the arid year of 2012, it amounted to 1.26 t/ha after fallow, 0.88 t/ha after peas, 0.46 t/ha after wheat, respectively, at 0.64, 0.59 and 0.25 t/ha for control (two-disc coulter SZP-3,6). Seeders with V-sharped coulters of domestic and foreign production, for wheat yields did not differ significantly, but exceeded the control under the conditions of the arid year by 0.21-0.59 t/ha, depending on the forecrop.

Successful development of beekeeping, the increased number of beehives and apiaries, as well as high yields of honey and wax are possible only thanks to good and sustainable bee forage. The task of the study was to determine exactly species diversity of melliferous flora in different phytocenosis, to define honey productivity of plant formations in steppe zone of the river Don, bioresource potential and honey supply in different vegetative communities on forest fund lands, to develop the complex of measures, directed to rational and effective use of natural melliferous plants of forest lands. Species composition of nectar bearing vegetation on forest fund lands according to forest and non forest categories is determined. The northwestern part of the region is the richest one, there are more than 1200 plant species,and many of them are melliferous. The southeastern part is poorer in flora.As a result it is defined that there is a huge bioresource forest potential for honey yield in Rostov region. Approximate honey supply on forest fund lands is not less than 6468 tons and the number of beehives is about 54 thousand. One of the most perspective species for bee breeding is black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia).